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| Effects of nutritional interventions on the prevention and control of cognitive impairment in the elderly |
| Li Fangzhou ,Wu Difei ,Chen Xujiao |
| Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional
Chinese Medicine Hangzhou 310003 Zhejiang China |
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Abstract Alzheimer ' s disease AD is a major global neurodegenerative disease and the most common type of cognitive
impairment. Currently modifiable risk factors for AD particularly nutritional interventions have attracted significant attention in the
prevention and control of cognitive impairment. Numerous randomized controlled trials investigating the relationships between dietary
patterns nutrient intake functional nutritional foods and cognitive impairment prevention or AD treatment indicate that the efficacy of
nutrition in maintaining cognitive function in the elderly remains controversial posing challenges to establishing effective prevention
measures. This review summarizes the associations between various dietary patterns key nutrient levels and supplementation
functional food-derived bioactive compounds and cognitive decline. It explores the potential roles and mechanisms of dietary patterns
and nutritional supplementation in AD prevention and treatment. Dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet MIND diet
Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay and ketogenic diet as well as nutrients including B vitamins
vitamin D vitamin E Omega-3 fatty acids selenium and zinc and functional bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins and soy
isoflavones may help reduce the risk of cognitive decline offering additional protective effects particularly for APOEε4 carriers.
Future research should integrate genetic and metabolic factors enhance long-term follow-up studies and leverage multi-omics data to
explore more precise and personalized nutritional intervention strategies. This approach aims to optimize cognitive management and
provide scientific evidence for AD prevention and control.
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