In recent years the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer have continued to rise and chemotherapy has become one of the important treatment methods for colorectal cancer. With the release of the National Nutrition Plan 2017 - 2030 the nutritional literacy level of patients has gradually attracted the attention of medical staff and improving the nutritional literacy of patients has become one of the important factors affecting the prognosis of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients. Although scholars have different opinions on the definition of nutritional literacy they all emphasize the individual 's mastery of nutrition - related knowledge cultivate their ability to make decisions on nutrition-related issues and use relevant information to make correct nutrition decisions. At the same time as the core content of nutritional intervention there are differences in education and cognitive levels among different populations resulting in low nutritional literacy levels which affect individual health and development. This article reviews the conceptual framework research status evaluation tools and intervention models of nutritional literacy of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients in order to optimize the management of nutritional literacy level of patients by medical staff improve the nutritional literacy level of colorectal cancer patients and improve the chemotherapy effect and tumor prognosis of patients.