Chemotherapy as an important treatment method for liver cancer patients when used in combination with molecular targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy can significantly improve the treatment effect. However the adverse reactions during chemotherapy can have an adverse impact on the nutritional status of patients which in turn affects the treatment effect and quality of life. Therefore nutritional therapy occupies an indispensable position in the treatment system of liver cancer. The adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy such as nausea vomiting and loss of appetite can directly lead to insufficient nutrient intake in patients causing malnutrition. Malnutrition can further reduce the physical strength of patients and affect key indicators such as total protein in the body forming a vicious cycle. This not only reduces the tolerance of patients to chemotherapy but also increases the treatment risk and reduces the survival rate. On the contrary a good nutritional status can significantly improve the tolerance of patients to chemotherapy and enhance the body's immunity playing a positive role in improving the treatment effect and survival rate. In terms of nutritional assessment there are currently a variety of nutritional assessment tools in clinical practice such as GNRI O - PNI CONUT etc. Studies have shown that a comprehensive assessment combining multiple indicators can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the nutritional status of patients providing more valuable reference for the formulation of subsequent treatment plans. A correct nutritional treatment plan can effectively enhance the tolerance of patients to chemotherapy. In conclusion in-depth research on the nutritional status and nutritional treatment methods of liver cancer patients is of great significance for improving the comprehensive treatment effect of liver cancer and the prognosis of patients.