As global aging accelerates achieving healthy longevity has become a focal point of current research. This article aims to review the impact of nutrition and lifestyle factors on healthy longevity with a focus on key elements such as dietary patterns physical activity sleep smoking and alcohol consumption. Dietary patterns significantly influence healthy longevity. Traditional diets in longevity regions—such as the Mediterranean Nordic and Okinawan diets—as well as modern healthy dietary patterns like the DASH diet are associated with lower mortality rates and increased health spans. Plant-based diets in particular help maintain lower lipid levels and improve cardio metabolic health and cognitive function. In terms of lifestyle adequate physical activity and high - quality sleep are crucial for extending lifespan. There is a dose-response relationship between physical activity and all-cause mortality with approximately seven hours of sleep being the optimal duration for longevity. Additionally Smoking significantly reduces healthy life expectancy whereas the relationship between alcohol consumption and health exhibits a "J-shaped" curve although this remains a subject of ongoing debate. Comprehensive interventions involving nutrition and lifestyle can significantly extend healthy life expectancy by 8~ 10 years. Current studies are mostly based on Western populations lacking cross -cultural long -term cohort evidence and evaluation methods rely on subjective reports. Future research should integrate digital technologies for precise monitoring optimize multi-dimensional intervention strategies and focus on the applicability for populations experiencing functional decline in order to promote the achievement of healthy aging goals.