目的 探讨肠内营养治疗对胃食管癌化疗患者营养状况、免疫功能以及化疗毒副反应的影响。方法  连续采集 2017 年 1 月至2018 年 1 月安徽省肿瘤医院肿瘤内科接受化疗的胃食管癌化疗患者，随机分为肠内营养组和常规饮食组， 根据患者进食梗阻程度、营养结构和进食量不同给予营养治疗，同时肠内营养组患者在化疗开始前两天至化疗结束后 1 周 给予肠内营养制剂。监测两组患者的营养状态、生化指标、免疫水平及化疗后血液系统和胃肠道毒副反应等。结果 共 56 例患者入组，其中肠内营养组29 例，常规饮食组27 例，男 36 例，女 20 例。两组患者资料无明显差异，肠内营养组患者 营养状态明显改善，白细胞、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白及 CD4+/CD8+ 水平显著提高（P ＜ 0.05）。肠内营养组3~4 度血液系 统毒副反应明显减轻（P ＜ 0.05）。消化道反应的发生率，两组患者无明显差异（P ＞ 0.05）。结论 胃食管癌患者化疗期 间接受肠内营养治疗可以改善患者营养状态、提升免疫水平和减少化疗毒副反应，有助于提高患者生存质量。但由于病例 数较少，需进一步扩大研究。

Objective To explore the influence of enteral nutrition support treatment on nutritional status, immune function and adverse effects in patients with gastric and esophageal carcinoma after chemotherapy. Methods Patients with gastric and esophageal cancer receiving chemotherapy in our department from January 2017 to January 2018 were successively collected. The patients were randomly divided into the enteral nutrition group and routine dietary group. According to the degree of obstruction, nutritional structure and intake of the patients, all of the patients received nutrition advice. Besides, enteral nutrition preparation was given two days before the beginning of chemotherapy and one week after the end of chemotherapy for the patients in enteral nutrition group. The indicators of nutritional status, biochemical, immune function and adverse effects (blood system and gastrointestinal side effects) were observed between the two groups. Results 56 patients were enrolled, among which, the enteral nutrition group 29, the normal diet group 26, the male 36, the female 20. After chemotherapy, nutritional status in the enteral nutrition group improved obviously. The level of white blood cells, serum albumin, hemoglobin, and CD4+/CD8+ in enteral nutrition group were increased significantly (P<0.05). Besides, the 3~4 degrees blood system adverse effects decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions Enteral nutrition support can improve the nutritional status and immune function of patients with gastric esophageal cancer during chemotherapy, reduce the adverse effects after chemotherapy, and help to improve the quality of life of patients. Due to the small number of cases, the further studies are needed.