Sarcopenia is a progressive, systemic syndrome, which is an age-related disease, mainly manifests in the reduction of skeletal muscle mass, decreased muscle strength and function. Skeletal muscle is not only the movement system of human body, but also the body metabolism organ, which involves in the secretion and metabolism of the body, such as glucose, glycogen and lipid metabolism, secreting a variety of cytokines, etc. Metabolic syndrome is a group of clinical syndromes with multiple metabolic disease are mainly characterized by obesity, abnormal glucose metabolism or diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Due to physical activity levels falling and metabolism ability decreasing, the chance of muscle reduce disease has greatly increased in elder people, leading to metabolic diseases such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and other diseases of the elderly. The two diseases are both closely related to the declining ability of the human body aging, metabolism, and belong to age-related diseases. Because the metabolic syndrome is not a single disease, the research of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and reduce muscle diseases is truly studying the relationship between the related disease and reduce muscle disease. This article will interpret the relationship between the two diseases from both the common pathological basis and metabolic abnormality aspects.