Objective To investigate the effects of different energy substrates on the metabolism, proliferation and migration of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29. Method HT29 cells were cultured with medium of low glucose (5 mmol/L glucose), high sugar (25 mmol/L glucose), high glucose + ketone bodies (25 mmol/L glucose+5 mmol/L ketone bodies), low sugar + ketone bodies(5 mmol/L glucose+5 mmol/L ketone bodies) and ketone bodies(5 mmol/L ketone bodies) ) according to different energy compositions. The expression levels of human hexokinase 2 (HK2) and human 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in the cells of each group were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The levels of lactic acid (LAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the cell culture supernatants of each group were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer.The content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was determined by a spectrophotometer.The expression of mitochondrial DNA was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments.The changes in cell viability of each group from day 1 to day 3 were determined by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and the invasion and migration abilities of cells in each group were detected by Transwell experiments. Result ① The average concentrations of HK2 were 70.35 ng/L, 127.52 ng/L, 153.45 ng/L, 81.97 ng/L and 104.96 ng/L, respectively; the average concentrations of PFKFB3 were 632.46 ng/L, 412.10 ng/L, 378.18 ng/L, 561.82 ng/L and 461.03 ng/L, respectively; the average concentrations of LAC were 25.25 mg/dl, 17.93 mg/dl, 16.37 mg/dl, 22.49 mg/dl and 20.00 mg/dl, respectively; the average concentrations of LDH were 1603.26 U/L, 1124.96 U/L, 1000.01 U/L, 1406.04 U/L and 1255.16 U/L, respectively; the average concentrations of ATP were 777.70 μmol/L, 511.27 μmol/L, 433.10 μmol/L, 687.79 μmol/L and 609.15 μmol/L, respectively. The average amplification factors of mitochondrial DNA were 1.00,2.80,3.04,2.29 and 1.46, respectively. ② In the cell proliferation assay, the average proliferation rates at 24 h for were 100.00%,106.71%,102.31%,94.85% and 100.62%, respectively; at 48 h, they were 100.00%,111.96%,113.10%,93.35%, and 94.58%; and at 72 h, they were 99.98%,115.09%,118.43%,105.04% and 103.51%. ③ In the cell migration assay, the average number of migrating cells for were 528.33,692.00,754.67,297.00 and 300.67, respectively. Conclusion Different energy substrates affect the malignant behavior of HT29 cells by regulating the metabolic pathway, which provides the basis for the nutritional intervention of cancer such as keto diet.
Key words
Ketone body /
Glucose /
HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells /
Cell metabolism /
Cell migration /
Cell proliferation /
Biological behaviour /
Colorectal cancer
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