Abstract：Objective To elaborate chemoprevention of phytochemicals for lung cancer and look forward to its application prospect. Methods Taking Cruciferous vegetables and its bioactive components isothiocyanates as an example, research advances of chemoprevention of phytochemicals for lung cancer would be reviewed in terms of epidemiological studies, animalexperiments, clinical research and its action mechanism. Results Cruciferous vegetables could reduce the risk of lung cancer, which was independent of smoking. Phytochemicals rich in cruciferous vegetables named as isothiocyanates could inhibit animal model suffering from lung cancer induced by a variety of carcinogens. A diet rich in broccoli could enhance the immunity of respiratory system and improve the detoxification ability toenvironment carcinogens. The multiple mechanisms of cancer chemoprotective effect involved inhibition of the carcinogen activation, induction of protective enzymes, suppression of inflammation reaction, regulation of immunity, interruption of cell cycle, promotion of apoptosis and perturbation of signaling pathways. Conclusions Food and its extract rich in plant chemicals could serve as prospective alternatives for prevention of lung cancer.