Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of lipid emulsion (10%)/amino acids (15) and glucose (20%) injection for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer after TP chemotherapy regimen. Methods The retrospective analysis was conducted in 58 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received TP chemotherapy regimen from October 2016 to October 2017. The patients were divided into two groups according to the nutritional supply methods after chemotherapy, 30 patients who received conventional multiple bottle infusions after chemotherapy were distributed into the control group, and 28 patients who received lipid emulsion (10%)/amino acids (15) and glucose (20%) injection after chemotherapy were distributed into the research group. The general information, anthropometric parameters, nutritional status, immune function, quality of life score between the two groups were compared before and after chemotherapy. Results Before chemotherapy, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between the two groups in general information, anthropometry parameters, nutritional status and immune function. The values of anthropometric parameters (BMI, TSF, MAMC) and nutritional haemal parameters (HB, TP, PA, ALB) of the research group after chemotherapy were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the values of immune function parameters (IgM, IgG, IgA, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+) of the research group after chemotherapy were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the quality of life score in the fields of cognition function, social function and total health state were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); the scores in the symptom field of nausea and vomiting were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The parenteral nutrition support treatment using lipid emulsion (10%)/ amino acids (15) and glucose (20%) injection for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy is beneficial to improve the nutritional status, enhance the immunity function, improve the quality of life, so it is worthy of further clinical application.