Objective To understand egg membrane peptides can strengthen nutrition support to patients suffering from esophageal cancer during their concurrent chemoradiation treatment. Methods A total of 116 patients from the Department of Radiotherapy and the Department of Oncology, Huai′an First People′s Hospital and Huai′an Cancer Hospital from February to October 2019 were selected and divided into the routine nutritional support group (TNSG group) and peptide nutrition support group (PNSG group) by a randomized, single⁃blind method, with 58 patients in each group. Routine tests of fasting blood glucose, serum albumin, serum prealbumin and IgG, IgM, IgA were performed on the next day, 7th and 14th day, and routine body composition analysis and physical measurement were performed. Results There was no statistical difference in the changes of serum albumin and prealbumin indexes during the 7~14 days (test7⁃14=0.298, P=0.381; test7⁃14=2.644, P>0.05); before the test and the 7th day (test0⁃7=3.782, P<0.001;test0⁃7= 15.834, P<0.001), between the test and the 14th day (test0⁃14=3.484, P<0.001; test0⁃14=13.189, P<0.001). There were statistical differences between the two groups in terms of serum total protein and serum prealbumin indicators. The upper arm circumference was statistically different during the period before the test to 7 days (test0⁃7=1.037, P<0.001), and the period before the test to 14 days (test0⁃14=0.659, P=0.001); while the lean body mass was in the test No statistical difference was seen from the first 7 days (test0⁃7=0.907, P=0.130), and no statistical difference was seen between the test 7~14 days (test7⁃14=0.377, P=0.045) and 14 days before the test (test0⁃14=1.061, P=0.007), there were statistical differences and clinical significance between the two groups. In the immune index IgG (test0⁃7=0.006, P=0.414), IgM (test0⁃7=0.032, P<0.001) blood concentration within 7 days, there was no statistical difference between the two groups. There was statistical difference in this index at 14 days and at 7 days. The blood IgA concentration was statistically different at 7 days and 14 days after the test. Conclusions Egg⁃membrane derived peptide plays a role in nutritional and immunomodulatory effect in the chemoradiotherapy of esophageal cancer.