"Terminal replication" of telomeres has been the focus of biologists. Telomere dysfunction is believed to be one of the causes for the increased risk of degenerative diseases. Dietary patterns and micronutrients, including folic acid can affect telomere length and function. Dietary patterns and micronutrients, including folic acid, can affect telomere length and function. When folic acid and B12 are deficient, the homocysteine in plasma will increase and the telomere length will shorten as well, Folic acid deficiency leads to the increase of uracil in telomeres, which eventually results in telomere breakage and shortening. Low level of folic acid also leads to sub⁃telomere hypomethylation, which affects the length and function of telomeres. Folic acid plays an important role in the metabolism of one carbon unit. It is an indispensable substance in the synthesis of purine nucleotides, thymine and the remethylation of homocysteine into methionine. The interruption of these pathways will affect DNA synthesis and stability, and affect chromosome methylation, which lead to malnutrition and disease, including muscle weakness, walking difficulties, cardiovascular disease, birth defects, cancer, etc. Some studies have shown that folic acid may have a positive effect on the development of skeletal muscle development. However, the precise role of folic acid in skeletal muscle development is still unclear. Sarcopenia results in the reduction of muscle mass and strength progressively and caused by muscle degeneration shortens telomere length. Sarcopenia leads to the shortening of telomere length, but the specific mechanism needs to be further explored. In this review, the correlation among telomere regulation, one carbon metabolism and muscle loss are discussed to provide ideas for scientific research.ion, one carbon metabolism and muscle loss are discussed to provide ideas for scientific research.