Malnutrition in cancer patients restricts the treatment and prognosis. In the past 10 years, with the great attention of our country, a large number of scholars in China began to pay attention to the nutrition therapy of cancer patients, and cancer nutrition developed rapidly and made remarkable progress. However, cancer nutrition in China is also facing great challenges. Although the concept of nutrition first⁃line treatment has been accepted by more and more oncologists, there are still many difficulties in its implementation. According to the current situation of nutrition treatment in cancer patients, combined with the clinical practice experience of the first⁃line nutrition treatment, starting from the systematic construction of the classification system of cancer nutrition treatment, this paper proposes to formulate refined treatment paths and guidelines, improve the clinical nutrition work system, improve nutrition laws and regulations, and clarify the responsibilities of nutrition treatment subjects, so as to establish a nutrition diagnosis and treatment standard system with the characteristics of cancer patients in China. It also advocates promoting the standardization, refinement and diversification of China′s "Hospital ⁃ Community ⁃ Home" nutrition management mode, food for special medical purpose and therapeutic diets for special medical purposes, and then calls for increasing investment in basic and clinical research of cancer nutrition, so as to enhance the research ability of cancer nutrition.