Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is one of the most common malignancy tumors worldwide and an important reason of cancer-related death. Various options for HCC treatment including surgery resection transcatheter arterial chemoembolization TACE ablation therapy liver transplantation and drug therapy have greatly improved the survival of patients. However the patients with the same stage and the same treatment have a great difference in response to treatment and prognosis. It is not only related to the heterogeneity of the tumor itself but also closely related to the different physical state nutrition status and tolerance to treatment of patients. In recent years multiple studies have shown that sarcopenia is an independent predictor of survival in HCC patients and the quantitative measurement of skeletal muscle is a key factor in the diagnosis of sarcopenia and the evaluation of its severity. Moreover the rapid development of imaging measurement technology has greatly improved the accuracy of evaluation and has more guiding significance for clinical decision-making which has become a new research focus. Therefore this review will summarize the research progress of imaging measurement of sarcopenia in HCC patients and explore their roles in the prognostic evaluation of HCC.