Malignant cancers have a poor prognosis and high mortality rate and pose a serious risk to human health. Traditional oncology treatment is based on surgery radiotherapy and chemotherapy but patients still face the threat of cancer recurrence and are often accompanied by poor quality of life impaired physical function and significant anxiety and depression. Exercise therapy one of the most accessible and convenient prognostic improvement treatment for cancer patients is recommended by many oncology rehabilitation guidelines. On the one hand physical exercise can enhance cardiopulmonary function and protein synthesis improve physiological skills and increase physiological reserves on the other hand it can also help improve metabolic and immune balance and create an anti-cancer microenvironment. Exercise therapy is an important form of cancer rehabilitation and is suitable for patients regardless of whether they are in the peri - operative period during radiotherapy or with diseases such as cachexia or sarcopenia. Choosing a scientific and reasonable exercise program with appropriate frequency and intensity can significantly improve the nutritional status of patients help them better complete their anti-cancer therapy reduce complications improve their quality of life and even prolong their survival time. This article will review the progress of clinical application of exercise therapy in oncology patients.