In recent years the number of cancer patients in the world has risen sharply and the medical and economic burden caused by cancer cachexia and its related complications has also increased dramatically. Cancer cachexia is a complex multifactorial syndrome characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle and associated with multiple organ dysfunction which could not be completely reversed by conventional nutritional therapy. Cardiac complications associated with cancer cachexia include cardiac atrophy remodeling dysfunction and even heart failure. Cancer cachexia - induced cardiac atrophy is mainly as a result of interactions between cachexia mediators and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system UPS decreases cardiac protein synthesis and inflammation accelerates the process of myocardial atrophy at the same time insulin resistance leads to the depletion of stored proteins and hinders the uptake and utilization of nutrients by tissues and cells. It is an early complication of the cardiovascular system in patients with cancer cachexia which is often ignored or confused with the primary heart disease. Failure to diagnosis and treatment cardiac atrophy in time will not only aggravate severe cachexia but also reduce the curative effect of anticancer treatment. Therefore scientific diagnosis and treatment of cancer related cardiac atrophy can help improve the curative effect of anti-cancer treatment and thus improve the survival rate of cancer patients. Therefore the early screening diagnosis and treatment of cancerous cachexia related cardiac atrophy is of great significance for tumor treatment.