Objective To study the effects of hericium ericium polysaccharide combined with different doses of transforming growth factor-β1 TGF-β1 on the proliferation and micro RNA-302a miR-302a of gastric cancer cells. Method Gastric adenocarcinoma cells poorly differentiated BGC- 823 and SGC7901 were cultured. TGF-β1 group and hericium erinaceus polysaccharide+TGF-β1 group were set. According to the dose of TGF - β1 0 g / L control group 1 g / L group 5 g / L group and 10 g / L group were divided. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of cancer cells after 6 h 12 h 24 h 48 h and 72 h culture of TGF - β1. Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-302a. The expression of phosphorylated AKT p-AKT and 3-carboxyphosphatidylinositol kinase p-PI3K were detected by Western blotting. TGF-β1 was transfected into BGC-823 and SGC7901 cells respectively and TGF-β1 and negative control NC groups were recorded. Result The proliferation inhibition rate of BGC-823 and SGC790 cells in two groups increased gradually with the extension of treatment time and the increase of TGF-β1 dose. The proliferation inhibition rate of hericium ericium polysaccharide +TGF-β1 group was higher than that of TGF-β1 group P < 0. 05 . The inhibitory effect of 5 and 10 g / L TGF-β1 groups on SGC790 cells was similar after 48 ~ 72 h which had statistical significance compared with other groups P < 0. 05 . Compared with 0 g / L the number of cell clones in two groups at 1 5 and 10 g / L dose was gradually decreased and the number of cell clones in 10 g / L dose group was most significantly decreased P < 0. 05 . Compared with 0 g / L the apoptosis rate of gastric cancer cells BGC-823 and SGC7901 was increased by 1 5 10 g / L doses of TGF-β1 P< 0. 05 after 48 h treatment with TGF-β1 P< 0. 05 . The expression of miR-302a in each dose group was higher than that in TGF-β1 group P< 0. 05 . The expression of p-Akt and p-PI3K decreased with the increase of dose of TGF-β1 in all groups and the decrease was more significant in hericium ericium polysaccharide +TGF-β1 group P < 0. 05 . Western blotting indicated that the expression of miR- 302a may be negatively regulated by TGF-β1 via p -AKT and p - PI3K. Conclusion The proliferation of gastric adenocarcinoma cells BGC - 823 and SGC7901 and the number of cell clones were more effectively inhibited by the polysaccharide +TGF-β1. The expression of miR-302a may be negatively regulated by TGF-β1 via p-AKT and p-PI3K.