Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of digestive tract in China. 2020 China Cancer Statistical Report shows that the incidence rate and mortality rate of colorectal cancer in China rank 2nd and 5th among malignant tumors respectively with 555 000 new cases and 286 000 deaths. The main methods of treatment include surgical resection radiotherapy chemotherapy targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy as one of the important treatments may cause complications such as bone marrow suppression nausea and vomiting hand-foot syndrome and malnutrition while playing a positive role. Malnutrition is prevalent in patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer and malnutrition can further lead to negative effects such as aggravation of chemotherapy side effects interruption or delay of chemotherapy and decrease in the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Early nutritional screening and assessment can help timely detect nutritional risk or malnutrition in colorectal cancer patients facilitate the implementation of nutritional support therapy improve nutritional status reduce chemotherapy-related adverse effects increase chemotherapy tolerance and improve the quality of life thus benefiting patients. In this paper the nutritional status of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients nutritional screening and assessment methods and nutritional treatment strategies are reviewed in light of the progress of domestic and international research with a view to providing reference bases for the nutritional support treatment of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients.