Objective To evaluate the nutrition status in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation HSCT and its influence on prognosis. Method Clinical data from 68 patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was collected. The body weight body mass index BMI biochemicals and other nutrition-related indexes were monitored before transplantation and 14 days 30 days 60 days and 90 days after transplantation and their correlation with acute graft versus host disease aGVHD and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Result Patients are at risk of malnutrition after transplantation ① BMI of patients exhibited a significant decrease after transplantation compared to the pre - transplantation in particular BMI at 90 days after transplantation decreased dramatically P<0. 05 ②Albumin and prealbumin decreased significantly in the early stage after transplantation and increased in the late stage of transplantation compared with the early stage P<0. 05 ③After transplantation triglyceride was significantly higher than before transplantation and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower than before transplantation P<0. 05 . The blood glucose and triglycerides of patients with aGVHD after transplantation were higher than those without aGVHD P<0. 05 The albumin and prealbumin of the aGVHD group after transplantation were lower than those without aGVHD group P< 0. 05 . Patients in the survival group had higher amounts of albumin and total protein than those in the non - survival group P < 0. 05 . Conclusion The nutrition status of patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be assessed by using body composition and biochemical indexs. Patients with aGVHD have a worse nutritional state than patients without aGVHD while those with good nutritional status have a better prognosis than those with poor nutritional status.