FGObjective To investigate the status of nutritional KAP of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in primary hospitals and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide clinical basis for nutritional education management and nutritional intervention of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in primary hospitals. Method A total of 220 inpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy in a Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan from July to December 2022 were selected by convenient sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire on nutrition KAP of cancer chemotherapy patients was used for field questionnaire survey. Result The KAP of nutrition in cancer patients were positively correlated NRS2002 and PG-SGA were negatively correlated with nutrition KAP and NRS2002 and PG-SGA were positively correlated. The scores of nutritional KAP were 16. 80±0. 62 18. 44±0. 32 and 20. 78± 0. 27 points. The passing rate was 13. 5% 87. 5% 49% and the excellent rate was 0 45. 2% 0. The nutritional knowledge of patients with medical insurance and new rural cooperative medical care and patients with remote cooperative medical care was lower than that of patients with medical insurance P<0. 05 The scores of patients with nutritional knowledge obtained from the Internet were higher than those obtained from medical staff P< 0. 05 The degree of family support had a statistical difference in nutrition knowledge P<0. 05 There was statistical difference between education level and nutrition attitude P<0. 05 Compared with lung cancer patients nutritional practice scores were lower in chemotherapy patients with other diseases P<0. 05 The nutritional practice scores of workers were higher than those of farmers P < 0. 05 The degree of medical social support had statistical difference on nutritional practice P<0. 05 . Conclusion The nutritional knowledge of cancer chemotherapy patients in primary hospitals is not ideal with a positive attitude towards nutrition and poor practice. Comprehensive assessment of patients' conditions full consideration of patients' payment method education level occupation medical and social support family support and other factors targeted nutrition knowledge education provide individualized professional and refined nutrition education and nutrition intervention improve patients' nutritional practice and enhancing the nutritional knowledge-attitude-practice level of patients.