摘要：目的 现有的资料表明氧化损伤参与了癌症发生和发展的过程，而抗氧化剂对癌症发生及发展的影响一直是炙手可热的研究题材。本文就其在肿瘤发生、发展中的作用做一文献综述。方法 回顾近年来国内、外发表的抗氧化剂在肿瘤防治过程中的作用机制，对放、化疗的影响的中、英文文献。结果 目前RCT的资料表明放疗期间使用大剂量的抗氧化剂有可能降低放疗的疗效并缩短患者生存期，具体原因不明。而在化疗期间使用抗氧化剂不会影响化疗药物的疗效，并能减轻化疗的毒副作用。大部分的研究未能证实抗氧化剂在预防癌症发生及降低死亡率方面有任何益处。结论 化疗期间使用抗氧化剂不会影响化疗药物的疗效，并能减轻化疗的毒副作用。目前大部分的大型随机双盲对照试验未能证实额外补充抗氧化剂能降低癌症的发生率与死亡率。

Abstract：Objective Existing data indicate that oxidative damage involved in the process of cancer development and progression. The impact of antioxidants on cancer occurrence and development has been a hot research topic. In this paper, we review the literature of the effect of antioxidants on the cancer development and progression. Methods We review the domestic and foreign published literature of antioxidants on the mechanism of cancer occurrence, and the effect of antioxidants on cancer patients during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Results Current studies show that using high doses of antioxidants during radiotherapy may reduce the anti-cancer effects from radiotherapy, and shorten the survival time. However, the mechanism is unknown. Use of antioxidants during chemotherapy does not affect the efficacy of chemotherapy, and can reduce the side effects from it. Most of the studies failed to confirm that anti-oxidants have any benefits in the prevention of cancer. Conclusions Use of antioxidants during chemotherapy does not affect the efficacy of chemotherapy, and can reduce the side effects from chemotherapy. Currently, most of the large randomized double-blind controlled trial failed to confirm that antioxidant supplements can decrease incidence and mortality of cancer.