肠内营养是经胃肠道提供代谢需要的营养物质的营养治疗方式。肠内营养治疗途径主要包括口服、管饲（鼻胃管、 鼻肠管）和胃肠造瘘术等。选择合理的肠内营养治疗途径、防治并发症是提供良好营养治疗的重要保证。鼻胃管、鼻肠 管作为临床中最常用的肠内营养治疗途径，满足了医生及患者对肠内营养治疗的需求。鼻胃管、鼻肠管途径具有置管无创、 使用简单、经济、安全等优点，在国内大、中型医院均有应用。本文对经鼻胃管和鼻肠管途径在肠内营养治疗中的应用 背景进行了说明，分析了不同疾病患者应用时的优缺点以及出现的并发症，并且总结比较了鼻胃管饲与鼻肠管饲应用的 适应证、禁忌证以及并发症，对经鼻胃管和鼻肠管途径应用的选择提出了推荐意见。

Enteral nutrition is a nutritional therapy to supply nutrients by the gastrointestinal tract. The approaches of enteral nutrition therapy mainly include oral feeding, tube feeding (nasogastric tube and nasointestinal tube) and gastrostomy. It is vitally important for nutritional therapy to choose reasonable enteral nutrition treatment and to prevent complications. Nasogastric tube and nasointestinal tube are the most commonly used techniques to meet the therapeutic demands of patients. Nasogastric tube and nasointestinal tube are non-invasive, simple, economical and safe. They have been applied in many large and medium-sized hospitals in China. In this paper, the background of nasogastric and nasointestinal tube application in enteral nutrition, their advantages, disadvantages and complications of patients with different diseases are analyzed. The application indications, contraindications and complications of nasogastric tube feeding and nasointestinal tube feeding are compared and recommendation for the nasogastric and nasointestinal tube selection are summarized.