肌肉减少症是老年人常见的一类疾病,可增加跌倒、骨折和其他慢性疾病的发生风险。 营养治疗是缓解及预防老 年肌肉减少症的重要手段之一,在临床患者及居家治疗患者中具有良好的效果,其优势在于可操作性强、治疗及预防效果良 好、不良反应较低等。 本文以欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组(EWGSOP)在 2018 年更新的标准 EWGSOP2,2019 年亚洲肌肉减 少症工作组(AWGS)颁布的标准 AWGS2019 和 2011 年国际肌肉减少症工作组(IWGS)颁布的标准 IWGS 等为参考,依据国内 外研究中基于人群开展的各类研究,包括近年来发表的多个随机对照临床试验、系统评价或 meta 分析、回顾性研究和横断面 研究等各类研究,通过挖掘其可能的发病机制,对肌肉减少症的筛查、诊断、评估、营养预防及治疗方法进行总结和更新,采用 欧洲心脏学会证据分级和推荐强度标准,制订了老年肌肉减少症的临床诊断与营养干预指南,针对不同类型、发病机制、疾病 严重程度等特征做出营养治疗方案推荐,为临床诊疗的规范化和标准化提供参考依据。

Sarcopenia is a common complication in the elderly that increases the risk of falls fractures and other chronic diseases. Nutritional treatments are one of the most common means of alleviating and preventing sarcopenia in the elderly with favourable results in clinical patients and patients treated at home which have the advantages of high operability effective and low side effects. Taking the updated post - 2018 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia such as EWGSOP2 AWGS2019 and IWGS as a reference this paper is based on various types of population-based studies carried out in national and international research including various types of studies published in recent years such as multiple randomized controlled clinical trials systematic reviews or meta-analyses cohort studies and cross-sectional studies. We summaries the possible pathogenesis of sarcopenia together with the screening diagnosis assessment prevention and nutritional treatment of sarcopenia. For clinical diagnosis and nutritional intervention of sarcopenia in the elderly the grading of evidence and strength of recommendation criteria in the guidelines are based on the European Society of Cardiology criteria. Nutritional treatment recommendations are made for different types pathogenesis disease severity and other characteristics which provides references for the normation and standardisation of clinical diagnosis and treatment.