植物性膳食模式是指以植物性食物为主的饮食,因其对健康的有益作用,及对环境可持续性发展的有利影响而 日益受到关注。 恶性肿瘤的全球发病率呈逐年上升趋势,且作为第二大常见死亡原因,已成为当前全球共同面对的持续性 公共卫生问题。 研究表明,恶性肿瘤是一种可预防性疾病,膳食作为其重要的一级预防方法之一,同时也对肿瘤死亡及肿 瘤患者的预后产生重要影响。 植物性食物是膳食纤维和植物化学物的主要来源,流行病学研究证据支持植物性食物及植 物营养素对恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的保护作用。 植物性膳食模式作为一种研究整体膳食行为的方法,考虑了多种植物性食 物或营养素摄入的相关关系,其与恶性肿瘤的关系同样受到广泛关注。 植物性膳食模式的概念也在不断丰富和发展,从素 食饮食到植物性饮食指数,人们在不断探索更温和的植物性膳食模式并开始考虑不同植物性食物的健康性和质量,本文就 不同类型的植物性膳食模式及其与不同恶性肿瘤发病和死亡关系的研究进展进行综述,为居民的日常膳食指导及肿瘤预 防提供理论依据。

Plant-based dietary patterns characterized by high intake of plant-based foods are gaining global popularity due to their health benefits for those who follow them and their positive effects on environmental sustainability. The incidence of malignant tumors is rising annually worldwide making it the second leading cause of death and a persistent public health issue globally. Studies have indicated that malignant tumor is largely preventable with diet playing a crucial role in primary prevention and also affecting malignant tumor mortality and patient prognosis. Plant foods rich in dietary fiber and various phytochemicals have been supported by epidemiological studies showing their effectiveness in reducing the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors. Examining overall dietary behavior the plant - based dietary pattern considers potential correlations between different foods or nutrients and their association with malignant tumors which are drawing increasing attention. The concept of plant-based dietary patterns is continuously evolving from vegetarian diets to various plant-based diet indices. People are exploring more refined plant-based dietary approaches and beginning to consider the health and quality of different plant - based foods. This review aims to summarize various types of plant- based dietary patterns and the related research evidence concerning their relationship with malignant tumor incidence and mortality providing a theoretical foundation for daily dietary recommendations and malignant tumor prevention.