目的 检索、评价并总结国内、外肿瘤患者安宁疗护营养治疗的最佳证据,为临床安宁疗护医务人员选择合适的营 养治疗策略提供科学依据。 方法 基于“6S”证据金字塔模型自上而下的原则,系统检索计算机决策支持系统、指南网站、专业 协会网站及数据库中关于肿瘤患者安宁疗护营养治疗的证据,选取临床决策、指南、证据总结、系统评价、最佳实践、专家共 识、meta 分析、随机对照试验。 检索时限为建库至 2024 年 6 月 30 日。 由 2 名研究员结合专业人士的判断,对文献质量进行评 估、提取资料、汇总证据。 结果 最终纳入 18 篇文献,包括 9 篇指南、1 篇系统评价、3 篇临床决策、3 篇专家共识和 2 篇随机对 照研究。 汇总了关于组建多学科营养治疗团队、营养风险筛查与评估、营养治疗决策辅助、综合营养干预、并发症管理、全程 个体化护理 6 个方面,28 条证据。 结论 本研究为临床安宁疗护医务人员选择营养治疗策略提供循证依据,对提升肿瘤患者安 宁疗护营养治疗质量有指导意义。

Objective To retrieve evaluate and summarize the best evidence of hospice nutritional therapy for cancer patients at home and abroad and to provide scientific basis for clinical hospice medical staff to choose the appropriate nutritional therapy strategy. Method According to the top-down principle of the evidence-based resource 6S model computer decision support systems guideline websites association official websites and databases were systematically searched for the relevant evidence on hospice nutritional therapy for cancer patients including clinical decision making guidelines evidence summaries systematic reviews best practice expert consensus meta-analysis randomized controlled trials. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to June 30 2024. Two researchers conducted quality evaluation and data extraction on the literature. Result A total of 18 articles were included including 9 guidelines 1 systematic review 3 clinical decisions 3 expert consensus and 2 randomized controlled trials. After extracting and integrating the evidence included in the literature a total of 28 best pieces of evidence were finally summarized from six aspects such as establishing a multidisciplinary nutritional therapy team nutrition risk screening and assessment nutritional therapy decision support comprehensive nutrition intervention complication management individualized nursing. Conclusion This study offers evidence-based guidance for health care professionals in selecting nutritional treatment strategies providing meaningful insights for enhancing the quality of hospice nutrition care for cancer patients.