S100 蛋白家族是一类钙依赖性调节蛋白,广泛分布于多种细胞和组织中,参与多种生理和病理过程。 近年来, S100 蛋白家族在肥胖、2 型糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝等代谢性疾病中的作用引起了广泛关注。 S100 蛋白可通过调节炎症反 应、脂肪代谢、胰岛素信号通路等关键细胞信号通路,参与能量平衡和胰岛素抵抗的调控。 S100A8 / A9、S100B、S100A4 等成员 通过与受体(如晚期糖基化终产物受体、Toll 样受体 4 等)相互作用,激活下游炎症通路,进而影响免疫反应和代谢紊乱。 此 外,S100 蛋白在脂肪组织,以及肝脏、胰腺等器官中的表达变化,进一步加剧了代谢性疾病的进展。 尽管现有研究揭示了 S100 蛋白家族在代谢性疾病中的潜在作用,但其具体分子机制和临床转化应用仍需深入探索。 本综述总结了 S100 蛋白家族在代 谢性疾病中的研究进展,并讨论了其作为治疗靶点的前景,为未来的诊断和治疗策略提供理论依据。

The S100 protein family is a group of calcium-dependent regulatory proteins widely distributed across various cells and tissues playing roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. In recent years the involvement of S100 proteins in metabolic diseases especially obesity type 2 diabetes and non - alcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted considerable attention. Research indicates that S100 proteins regulate energy balance and insulin resistance by modulating key cellular signaling pathways including inflammation fat metabolism and insulin signaling. Members such as S100A8 / A9 S100B and S100A4 interact with receptors like receptor for advanced glycation end products and Toll-like receptor-4 activating downstream inflammatory pathways that affect immune responses and metabolic dysregulation. Additionally changes in the expression of S100 proteins in organs like adipose tissue liver and pancreas further exacerbate the progression of metabolic diseases. Despite these insights the specific molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of S100 proteins in metabolic diseases still require further investigation. This review summarizes the research progress on the role of the S100 protein family in metabolic diseases and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target providing theoretical foundations for future diagnostic and treatment strategies.