目的 探索淋巴瘤患者化疗期间老年营养风险指数(GNRI)变化轨迹、分析不同轨迹的影响因素并探讨其与生活质 量的相关关系。 方法 选取 2022 年 1 月至 2024 年 6 月南京医科大学第一附属医院收治的 210 例淋巴瘤患者作为研究对象,对 其进行纵向调查。 潜类别增长模型、单因素分析及两两比较进行数据分析检验。 结果 淋巴瘤患者 GNRI 存在 3 条不同轨迹。 3 条轨迹类别分别为 C1,平稳下降组(44. 1%);C2,迅速下降组(27. 5%);C3,低水平波动组(28. 4%)。 不同轨迹类别在年龄 (χ 2 = 11. 584,P= 0. 003)、体质指数(χ 2 = 19. 661,P<0. 001)、肿瘤分期(χ 2 = 40. 237,P<0. 001)、同步放疗( χ 2 = 7. 593,P = 0. 022) 方面差异显著。 生活质量差异分析结果显示:平稳下降组患者的生活质量水平高于迅速下降组(P<0. 01)、高于低水平波动组 (P<0. 01),迅速下降组患者的生活质量水平高于低水平波动组(P<0. 05)。 结论 关注淋巴瘤化疗期间 GNRI 水平的评估,重视快 速下降及低水平波动的患者,及时地进行必要的营养干预,对纠正其营养不良风险、改善其后期营养状况有重要意义。

Objective Exploring the trajectories of nutritional risk index changes during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients analyzing the influencing factors of different trajectories and exploring their correlation with quality of life. Method A longitudinal survey of 210 patients with lymphoma was selected for the study. Latent category growth modeling and one-way analysis of variance and two-by - two comparisons were performed to analyze the data for testing. Result There were three different trajectories in the operative nutrition risk index of lymphoma patients. The three trajectory categories were C1 steady decline group 44. 1% C2 rapid decline group 27. 5% and C3 low level fluctuation group 28. 4% . There were significant differences in age χ 2 = 11. 584 P = 0. 003 BMI χ 2 = 19. 661 P < 0. 001 tumor stage χ 2 = 40. 237 P < 0. 001 and synchronous radiotherapy χ 2 = 7. 593 P = 0. 022 . The quality of life difference analysis results showed that the quality of life of patients in the stable decline group was higher than that in the rapid decline group P < 0. 01 and the low fluctuation group P < 0. 01 and the quality of life of patients in the rapid decline group was higher than that in the low fluctuation group P < 0. 05 . Conclusion Medical personnel pay attention to the assessment of the level of nutritional risk index during chemotherapy for lymphoma pay attention to the patients in the rapidly declining group and the low-level fluctuation group and provide timely and necessary nutritional interventions and support which is important for correcting the risk of malnutrition and improving the nutritional status of the patients in the later stages of their lives.