营养代谢异常与免疫失衡贯穿肿瘤发生、发展全过程。 肿瘤免疫治疗中,免疫检查点分子可使肿瘤细胞实现免疫 逃逸,以 T 细胞为基础的免疫检查点抑制剂治疗虽有效,但面临临床反应率低和严重不良反应问题。 目前营养治疗已被推荐 成为肿瘤患者的一线治疗方式,其与免疫稳态的关系提示营养干预可能影响肿瘤免疫治疗疗效。 多种营养补充剂,如 ω-3 多 不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3 PUFAs)、维生素、膳食纤维、益生菌、精氨酸、硒及植物提取物等均具有免疫调节作用,可作用于肿瘤细胞 与免疫细胞,影响肿瘤微环境,在与免疫检查点抑制剂联合应用时,可调节免疫应答、促进免疫细胞对肿瘤的识别与杀伤。 多 种肿瘤动物模型实验以及部分临床前期研究均已证实其能够显著影响肿瘤免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的效果。 本文将对近年来 多种营养补充剂的免疫调节作用及与肿瘤免疫检查点抑制剂治疗之间相互关系的研究进展进行综述,以便为营养补充剂抗 肿瘤治疗的深入研究和联合免疫治疗用药提供思路,推动个体化、精准化的营养免疫治疗发展。

Abnormal nutrition metabolism and immune imbalance permeate the entire process of tumorigenesis and development. In tumor immunotherapy immune checkpoint molecules enable tumor cells to achieve immune escape. Although T cell-based immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is effective it faces the problems of low clinical response rate and severe side effects. Currently nutritional therapy has been recommended as a first - line treatment for tumor patients. The relationship between it and immune homeostasis suggests that nutritional intervention may affect the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. A variety of nutritional supplements such as ω - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids vitamins dietary fiber probiotics arginine selenium and plant extracts all have immunomodulatory effects. They can act on tumor cells and immune cells affect the tumor microenvironment and when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors can regulate the immune response and promote the recognition and killing of tumors by immune cells. In a variety of tumor animal model experiments and some preclinical studies it has been confirmed that they can significantly affect the effect of tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This article will review the research progress in recent years on the immunomodulatory effects of various nutritional supplements and their relationship with tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy so as to provide ideas for the in-depth study of anti-tumor treatment with nutritional supplements and the combined use of immunotherapy drugs and promote the development of individualized and precise nutritional immunotherapy.