随着全球肿瘤发病率的增加,营养治疗在肿瘤治疗中的重要性日益突出,成为提高患者生活质量和治疗效果的关 键因素之一。 羊乳因其丰富的乳铁蛋白、共轭亚油酸、中链脂肪酸及多种生物活性肽,展现出显著的抗氧化、抗炎和免疫调节 作用,并在抗肿瘤治疗中显示出潜力。 羊乳通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制癌细胞增殖、调节肠道菌群及改善营养状态等多种 机制,减缓肿瘤进展并缓解治疗不良反应。 羊乳衍生的细胞外囊泡及生物活性多肽在肿瘤药物递送和光热治疗中也展现出 新的应用前景,为肿瘤精准治疗提供可能途径。 部分研究还发现,羊乳可能对肿瘤治疗过程中发生的相关贫血、肝损伤以及 认知功能障碍等并发症具有保护作用,尤其在改善肠道功能,调节氧化应激方面展现积极意义。 尽管大部分研究集中于细胞 和动物实验,临床研究尚不足,羊乳复杂成分的作用机制仍需深入探讨。 未来研究应加强临床验证,推动提取工艺标准化及 多组学分析,为羊乳在肿瘤治疗中的应用提供理论支持。

With the rising global incidence of cancer the importance of nutritional support in cancer treatment has become increasingly prominent. Sheep milk rich in lactoferrin conjugated linoleic acid medium-chain fatty acids and various bioactive peptides demonstrates significant antioxidant anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects showing potential in cancer therapy. Studies have shown that sheep milk slows tumor progression and alleviates treatment side effects through multiple mechanisms including inducing tumor cell apoptosis inhibiting cancer cell proliferation modulating gut microbiota and improving nutritional status. Extracellular vesicles and bioactive peptides derived from sheep milk also show new prospects in cancer drug delivery and photothermal therapy providing a potential pathway for precise cancer treatment. Some studies have also found that sheep milk may offer protective effects against complications arising during cancer therapy such as treatment - related anemia liver injury and cognitive dysfunction particularly by improving intestinal function and regulating oxidative stress. Although most studies focus on cell and animal experiments clinical research remains limited and the mechanisms of sheep milk 's complex components need further investigation. Future research should focus on clinical validation standardization of extraction processes and multi-omics analysis to provide theoretical support for the application of sheep milk in cancer treatment.