近年来,肿瘤因其高发病率和死亡率,已成为全球主要的公共健康挑战之一,传统治疗手段,如手术、化疗、放疗 等,虽在肿瘤治疗中发挥了重要作用,但仍存在不良反应显著、耐药性强等问题。 在此背景下,植物次生代谢产物凭借其天然 生物相容性、多靶点调控特性及低系统毒性优势,已在肿瘤化学防治及抗肿瘤新药研发领域成为持续关注的研究热点。 本文 基于植物化合物抗肿瘤相关研究文献,系统总结植物化合物种类、抗肿瘤作用机制、在肿瘤预防中的应用、联合治疗策略及药 代动力学特性,并探讨未来研究趋势与临床转化的挑战。

In recent years cancer has become one of the major public health challenges worldwide due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Traditional treatment methods such as surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy have played significant roles in tumor treatment but they still have notable side effects and strong drug resistance. Against this backdrop secondary metabolites from plants have become a continuous research focus in the field of tumor chemoprevention and the development of new anti-cancer drugs thanks to their natural biocompatibility multi - target regulatory properties and low systemic toxicity. This review systematically summarizes the types of plant compounds their anti - tumor mechanisms applications in cancer prevention combined treatment strategies and pharmacokinetic characteristics based on relevant research literature on plant compounds' anti - tumor effects and discusses future research trends and challenges in clinical translation.