结直肠癌脂代谢重编程与营养代谢障碍的研究进展

谢锦熙; 李宗泽; 孙维建

doi:10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.005

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肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4) : 484-490. DOI: 10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.005

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结直肠癌脂代谢重编程与营养代谢障碍的研究进展

谢锦熙, 李宗泽, 孙维建

作者信息 +

Research progress on lipid metabolism reprogramming and nutritional metabolic disorders in colorectal cancer

Xie Jinxi, Li Zongze, Sun Weijian

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文章历史 +

摘要

结直肠癌(CRC)脂代谢重编程参与肿瘤发生、进展、转移及耐药,是连接肿瘤恶性生物学行为与营养代谢障碍的重要环节。本文围绕脂质摄取与转运、脂肪酸从头合成、脂滴储存与动员、脂肪酸β氧化(FAO)供能及胆固醇稳态重塑等过程,阐述其分子调控基础及与Wnt/β-catenin、PI3K/AKT/mTOR、固醇调节元件结合蛋白(SREBP)等信号通路的关系,进一步总结脂代谢异常对脂肪组织功能、免疫微环境、肠道菌群及全身营养代谢状态的影响,阐述其与营养不良、癌性恶液质、肌肉减少症和肌内脂肪浸润等表型的联系。现有证据提示,脂代谢相关分子、循环血脂谱及计算机断层扫描(CT)体成分参数可为CRC风险分层和预后评估提供补充信息,靶向代谢、营养治疗和运动干预也具有一定临床转化潜力。

Abstract

Lipid metabolism reprogramming participates in the initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC), and represents an important link between tumor biology and nutritional metabolic disorders. This review summarizes key processes including lipid uptake and transport, de novo fatty acid synthesis, lipid droplet storage and mobilization, fatty acid β-oxidation, and cholesterol homeostasis, with emphasis on their regulation by Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and SREBP-related pathways. We further discuss how abnormal lipid metabolism affects adipose tissue function, the immune microenvironment, gut microbiota, and systemic nutritional status, contributing to malnutrition, cancer cachexia, sarcopenia, and myosteatosis. Current evidence suggests that lipid metabolism-related molecules, circulating lipid profiles, and CT-derived body composition parameters may support risk stratification and prognostic assessment in CRC, while metabolic targeting, nutritional therapy, and exercise intervention show potential for clinical translation.

导出引用

谢锦熙, 李宗泽, 孙维建. 结直肠癌脂代谢重编程与营养代谢障碍的研究进展[J]. 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志. 2026, 13(4): 484-490 https://doi.org/10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.005

Xie Jinxi, Li Zongze, Sun Weijian. Research progress on lipid metabolism reprogramming and nutritional metabolic disorders in colorectal cancer[J]. Electronic Journal of Metabolism and Nutrition of Cancer. 2026, 13(4): 484-490 https://doi.org/10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.005

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