呼出气中挥发性有机化合物在肺癌早期诊断中的研究进展

朱俞臻; 张峻青

doi:10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.016

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肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4) : 570-575. DOI: 10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.016

综述

呼出气中挥发性有机化合物在肺癌早期诊断中的研究进展

朱俞臻, 张峻青

作者信息 +

Research progress on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the early diagnosis of lung cancer

Zhu Yuzhen, Zhang Junqing

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

肺癌的早期诊断至关重要,推荐的筛查方案为针对高危人群每年一次胸部低剂量螺旋CT检查,但仍存在特异性低、假阳性率高等缺点,血清学肿瘤标志物检验也可以提示肺癌的发生发展状况,但其敏感性和特异性均低,不推荐常规作为肺癌筛查的方法。呼气分析(BA)作为一种新型非侵入性肺恶性疾病的诊断方法,其原理是分析呼出气体中与恶性疾病相关的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),优点在于便捷性、准确性和无创性,可能成为提高肺癌早期诊断的一种新的方法。目前,以醇类、脂肪烃类、醛类、脂类、酮类以及芳香类化合物为主要标志物的气体分析技术已日渐成熟,以其为基础构建的模型检测敏感度普遍高于80%,随着科技的发展,更多的检测技术将被引入到临床治疗当中,逐步解决当前检测标准不统一,检测设备不普及等问题,未来BA技术会成为肺癌早期诊断的关键技术之一。

Abstract

Early diagnosis of lung cancer is of paramount importance. The recommended screening strategy is annual low-dose spiral computed tomography for high risk populations; however, it has limitations including low specificity and a high false positive rate. Serological tumor marker tests may also indicate the development and progression of lung cancer, but their sensitivity and specificity are both low, and they are not routinely recommended for lung cancer screening. Breath analysis (BA), as an emerging noninvasive diagnostic method for pulmonary malignancies, is based on the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath that are associated with malignant diseases. Its advantages include convenience, accuracy, and noninvasiveness, making it a potential new approach to improve early diagnosis of lung cancer. Currently, gas analysis technologies targeting major chemical classes such as alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, esters, ketones and aromatic compounds have become increasingly mature. The sensitivity of diagnostic models constructed on these VOC panels is generally above 80%. With further technological advancements, more detection techniques will be introduced into clinical practice, gradually addressing current challenges such as the lack of standardized detection protocols and limited availability of detection equipment. It is believed that breath analysis will become one of the key technologies for early diagnosis of lung cancer in the future.

导出引用

朱俞臻, 张峻青. 呼出气中挥发性有机化合物在肺癌早期诊断中的研究进展[J]. 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志. 2026, 13(4): 570-575 https://doi.org/10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.016

Zhu Yuzhen, Zhang Junqing. Research progress on exhaled breath volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the early diagnosis of lung cancer[J]. Electronic Journal of Metabolism and Nutrition of Cancer. 2026, 13(4): 570-575 https://doi.org/10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2026.04.016

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