目的  探讨肿瘤患者化疗后血清微量元素及免疫功能的变化，以及肠内营养支持对上述测定指标的影响。方法  　 选择 2018 年 3 月至 5 月进入武汉市中心医院化疗的肿瘤患者 19 例，年龄为 18~70 岁；KPS 评分≥ 60。随机分为两组： 9 例患者化疗期间行肠内营养干预，10 例患者未进行营养干预。在化疗前后分别测定血清微量元素和外周血淋巴细胞亚 群，并进行统计学分析。结果  未经营养干预的患者化疗后血清锰含量比化疗前显著减低（P=0.004），化疗后血清铅呈 现临界水平降低（P=0.057）；行营养干预的患者血清锌含量显著降低（P=0.013），外周血中NK 细胞比例在化疗后呈 临界水平降低（P=0.059），而 CD4+/CD8+ 之比在化疗后呈临界水平升高（P=0.057）。结论  化疗及营养干预对血清微 量元素浓度有一定的作用；营养干预对外周血T 细胞的分布有一定的影响，表现为NK 细胞比例在化疗后有降低趋势， CD4+/CD8+ 比值有升高趋势。由于病例数较少以及营养干预时间较短，因此有必要增加病例数以及延长营养干预时间并 做进一步深入研究。

Objective  To investigate the changes of serum trace elements and immune function in patients with cancer after chemotherapy, and investigate the effect of enteral nutrition on those as well. Methods  Between March and May of 2018, 19 cancer patients, aged 18~70 years, with KPS score equals or more than 60, were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. One of them with 9 subjects received enteral nutrition intervention during chemotherapy; another group with 10 subjects received chemotherapy only without enteral nutrition intervention. Serum trace elements and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were measured before and after chemotherapy. A paired t-test with two-tailed was used to compare two population means by SPSS 18.00,  and the significant difference between two groups was considered when P<0.05. Results  The serum manganese concentration in patients without nutritional intervention after chemotherapy was significantly lower than that before chemotherapy (P=0.004), the serum lead was borderline lower after chemotherapy compared with that before chemotherapy (P=0.057); the serum zinc content in patients with nutritional intervention after chemotherapy was significantly lower than that before chemotherapy, and the NK cell percentage in peripheral blood was borderline decreased in patients with nutritional intervention after chemotherapy compared with that before chemotherapy, while the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was borderline increased after chemotherapy compared with that before chemotherapy (P=0.057). Conclusion  Chemotherapy and nutrition intervention have certain effects on the concentration of serum trace elements, nutrition intervention has borderline influence on the distribution of peripheral blood T cells, which shows that the proportion of NK cells was borderline decreased after chemotherapy and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was borderline increased after chemotherapy. Because the number of cases is limited and the duration of nutrition intervention is short, it is necessary to increase the number of cases and prolong the time of nutrition intervention.