目的调查恶性肿瘤放射治疗住院患者的营养风险和营养不良发生率。方法选取2017年8月至2017年10月就诊于重庆大学附属肿瘤医院放射治疗中心的恶性肿瘤患者330例为研究对象，采用连续定点抽样调查的方法，对患者进行NRS 2002、PS-SGA、人体测量指标和实验室检测等数据收集。结果330例患者完成营养调查，其中，男性227例，女性103例（68.8% vs 31.2%），年龄（54.0±11.4）岁，有营养风险（NRS 2002≥3分）发生率为28.8%，营养不良（PG-SGA ≥4分）发生率为52.7%，鼻咽癌患者营养风险检出率最高为（29.3%），其次为肺癌（28.1%）、口腔癌（18.1%）和食管癌（15.2%）。BMI与PG-SGA评分呈负相关，NRS 2002评分与PG-SGA评分呈正相关。年龄（≥65岁）、白蛋白（<40g/L）、 前白蛋白（<150g/L）、卡氏功能状态评分（<80分）是营养风险和重度营养不良的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论放射治疗中心的恶性肿瘤患者营养风险发生率属于中等水平，营养不良发生率较高，建议加强放疗患者的营养管理，结合患者的营养状况，PG-SGA评分可作为营养干预的参考标准。
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of nutrition risk and malnutrition in cancer patients hospitalized for radiotherapy. Methods We involved 330 patients with malignant tumors who were admitted to the radiotherapy center from August to October 2017 in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital. The nutrition risk was evaluated by the nutritional risk screening 2002 （NRS 2002）,the nutritional status was assessed with the patient-generated subjective global assessment （PG-SGA） questionnaire, the Karnofsky performance status （KPS）was used to evaluate the physical status. Physical indexes and laboratory examination results were recorded within 48 hours after admission. ResultsA total of 330 patients completed the nutritional survey. There were 227 males and 103 females, accounting for 68% and 31.2%, respectively. The mean age was 54.0±11.4 years old. 28.8% of the patients had nutritional risk （score≥3）,according to the PG-SGA score, 52.7% had the malnutrition （PG-SGA score≥4）. Among different cancers, patients with nasopharyngeal cancer had the highest prevalence of nutritional risk （29.3%）, the nutritional risk was 28.1%,18.1% and 15.2%, respectively, for patients with lung cancer, oral cancer and esophageal cancer who intending to accept radiotherapy. There was a negative correlation between BMI and PG-SGA score, a positive correlation between the NRS 2002 score and the PG-SGA score. Age （≥65 years）, albumin （<40g/L）, prealbumin （<150g/L）, Karnofsky （<80） are the risk factors of nutritional risk and severe malnutrition （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe prevalence of nutritional risk in patients with radiotherapy was medium, but the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with radiotherapy was high. Nutrition management of the patients was very necessary for cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. In clinical practice, combined with the nutritional status of patients, PG-SGA score can be used as a reference standard for nutritional intervention.
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