1.Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018： GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Concer J Clin. 2018；68(6)：394-424.
2.Zilberstein B, Jacob CE, Cecconello I. Gastric cancer trends in epidemiology. Arq Gastroenterol. 2012；49(3)：177-178.
3.Santosh Dulal M, Temitope O, Keku M. Gut Microbiome and Colorectal Adenomas. The Cancer Journal. 2014；20(3)：225-231.
4.Chen H, Chen D, Michiels J, et al. Dietary fiber affects intestinal mucosal barrier function by regulating intestinal bacteria in weaning piglets. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2013；78(1)：71-78.
5.Cuschieri A, Fayers P, Fielding J, et al. Postoperative morbidity and mortality after D1 and D2 resections for gastric cancer： preliminary results of the MRC randomised controlled surgical trial. The Surgical Cooperative Group. Lancet. 1996；347(9007)：995-999.
6.Ajani A, DAmico TA, Almhanna K, et al. Gastric cancer, version 3.2016, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2016；14(10)：1286-1312.
7.Mabvuure NT, Roman A, Khan OA. Enteral immunonutrition versus standard enteral nutrition for patients undergoing oesophagogastric resection for cancer. Int J Surg. 2013；11(2)：122-127.
8.Brenner H, Kloor M, Pox CP. Colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2014；383(9927)：1490-1502.
9.Chen X, Yang K, Zhang X, et al. Meta-analysis of preoperative oral nutritional supplements for patients with gastric cancer： East Asian experience. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2019.
10.Ding D, Feng Y, Song B, et al. Effects of preoperative and postoperative enteral nutrition on postoperative nutritional status and immune function of gastric cancer patients. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2015；26(2)：181-185.
11.Arends J, Bachmann P, Baracos V, et al. ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. Clinical Nutrition. 2017；36(1)：11-48.
12.Okamoto K, Fukatsu K, Hashiguchi Y, et al. Lack of preoperative enteral nutrition reduces gut-associated lymphoid cell numbers in colon cancer patients： a possible mechanism underlying increased postoperative infectious complications during parenteral nutrition. Ann Surg. 2013；258(6)：1059-1064.
13.Ralls MW, Demehri FR, Feng Y, et al. Bacterial nutrient foraging in a mouse model of enteral nutrient deprivation： insight into the gut origin of sepsis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016；311(4)：G734-G743.
14.Dissanaike S, Shelton M, Warner K, et al. The risk for bloodstream infections is associated with increased parenteral caloric intake in patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Crit Care. 2007；11(5)：R114.
15.Bozzetti F, Gianotti L, Braga M, et al. Postoperative complications in gastrointestinal cancer patients： the joint role of the nutritional status and the nutritional support. Clin Nutr. 2007；26(6)：698-709.
16.Turnock A, Calder PC, West AL, et al. Perioperative immunonutrition in well-nourished patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer： evaluation of inflammatory and immunologic outcomes. Nutrients. 2013；5(4)：1186-1199.
17.Jeong O, Ryu SY, Jung MR, et al. The safety and feasibility of early postoperative oral nutrition on the first postoperative day after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Gastric Cancer. 2014；17(2)：324-331.
18.Osland E, Yunus RM, Khan S, et al. Early versus traditional postoperative feeding in patients undergoing resectional gastrointestinal surgery： a meta-analysis. JPEN Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition. 2011；35(4)：473-487.
19.Osland EJ, Memon MA. Early postoperative feeding in resectional gastrointestinal surgical cancer patients. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2010；2(4)：187-191.
20.Chen W, Zhang Z, Xiong M, et al. Early enteral nutrition after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2014；23(4)：607-611.
21.Li B, Liu HY, Guo SH, et al. Impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition on clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer. Genet Mol Res. 2015；14(2)：7136-7141.
22.Wang J, Zhao J, Zhang Y, et al. Early enteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition on the nutritional status and blood glucose in patients with gastric cancer complicated with diabetes mellitus after radical gastrectomy. Exp Ther Med. 2018；16(1)：321-327.
23.Ma CJ, Wu JM, Tsai HL, et al. Prospective double-blind randomized study on the efficacy and safety of an ω-3 fatty acid enriched intravenous fat emulsion in postsurgical gastric and colorectal cancer patients. Nutr J. 2015；14：9.
24.Wang J, Li Y, Qi Y. Effect of glutamine-enriched nutritional support on intestinal mucosal barrier function, MMP-2, MMP-9 and immune function in patients with advanced gastric cancer during perioperative chemotherapy. Oncology Letters. 2017；14(3)：3606-3610.
25.Feijo PM, Rodrigues VD, Viana MS, et al. Effects of omega-3 supplementation on the nutritional status, immune, and inflammatory profiles of gastric cancer patients： A randomized controlled trial. Nutrition. 2019；61：125-131.
26.Lobo DN, Williams RN, Welch NT, et al. Early postoperative jejunostomy feeding with an immune modulating diet in patients undergoing resectional surgery for upper gastrointestinal cancer： a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study. Clin Nutr. 2006；25(5)：716-726.
27.Short V, Atkinson C, Ness AR, et al. Patient experiences of perioperative nutrition within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery programme for colorectal surgery： a qualitative study. Colorectal Dis. 2016；18(2)：O74-O80.
28.Yan X, Zhou FX, Lan T, et al. Optimal postoperative nutrition support for patients with gastrointestinal malignancy： a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2017；36(3)：710-721.
29.Cheng Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, et al. Enteral immunonutrition versus enteral nutrition for gastric cancer patients undergoing a total gastrectomy： a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol. 2018；18(1)：11.
30.Li K, Xu Y, Hu Y, et al. Effect of enteral immunonutrition on immune, inflammatory markers and nutritional status in gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy： a randomized double-blinded controlled trial. J Invest Surg. 2019：1-10.
31.Wong CS, Aly EH. The effects of enteral immunonutrition in upper gastrointestinal surgery： a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2016；29：137-150.
32.Achilli P, Mazzola M, Bertoglio CL, et al. Preoperative immunonutrition in frail patients with colorectal cancer： an intervention to improve postoperative outcomes. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2020；35(1)：19-27.
33.Sultan J, Griffin SM, Di Franco F, et al. Randomized clinical trial of omega-3 fatty acid-supplemented enteral nutrition versus standard enteral nutrition in patients undergoing oesophagogastric cancer surgery. Br J Surg. 2012；99(3)：346-355.
34.Claudino MM, Lopes JR, Rodrigues VD, et al. Postoperative complication rate and survival of patients with gastric cancer undergoing immunonutrition： a retrospective study. Nutrition. 2019；70：110590.
35.Suchner U, Heyland DK, Peter K. Immune-modulatory actions of arginine in the critically ill. Br J Nutr. 2002；87 Suppl 1：S121-S132.
36.Andrews FJ, Griffiths RD. Glutamine： essential for immune nutrition in the critically ill. Br J Nutr. 2002；87 Suppl 1：S3-S8.
37.Zhang S, Zeng X, Ren M, et al. Novel metabolic and physiological functions of branched chain amino acids： a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017；8：10.
38.Calder PC. Dietary modification of inflammation with lipids. Proc Nutr Soc. 2002；61(3)：345-358.
39.Grimble GK, Westwood OM. Nucleotides as immunomodulators in clinical nutrition. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2001；4(1)：57-64.
40.Zhang Q, Pan Y, Zeng B, et al. Intestinal lysozyme liberates Nod1 ligands from microbes to direct insulin trafficking in pancreatic beta cells. Cell Res. 2019；29(7)：516-532.
41.Bodogai M, OConnell J, Kim K, et al. Commensal bacteria contribute to insulin resistance in aging by activating innate B1a cells. Sci Transl Med. 2018；10(467).
42.Bunker JJ, Drees C, Watson AR, et al. B cell superantigens in the human intestinal microbiota. Sci Transl Med. 2019；11(507).
43.Elmer GW, McFarland LV. Biotherapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diarrhea. Gastroenterology clinics of North America. 2001；30(3)：837-854.
44.Boleij A, Roelofs R, Danne C, et al. Selective antibody response to Streptococcus gallolyticus pilus proteins in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012；5(2)：260-265.
45.Ponton F, Wilson K, Cotter SC, et al. Nutritional immunology： a multi-dimensional approach. PLoS Pathog. 2011；7(12)：e1002223.
46.Kohl KD, Stengel A, Dearing MD. Inoculation of tannin-degrading bacteria into novel hosts increases performance on tannin-rich diets. Environ Microbiol. 2016；18(6)：1720-1729.
47.Douglas AE. Nutritional interactions in insect-microbial symbioses： aphids and their symbiotic bacteria Buchnera. Annu Rev Entomol. 1998；43：17-37.
48.Matsuzaki T, Chin J. Modulating immune responses with probiotic bacteria. Immunol Cell Biol. 2000；78(1)：67-73.
49.MH F. Probiotics, Irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2003；6(4)：283-288.
50.Chandrasekharan B, Saeedi BJ, Alam A, et al. Interactions between commensal bacteria and enteric neurons, via FPR1 induction of ROS, increase gastrointestinal motility in mice. Gastroenterology. 2019；157(1)：179-192.e172.
51.Lee MC, Hsu YJ, Chuang HL, et al. In Vivo Ergogenic Properties of the Bifidobacterium longum OLP-01 Isolated from a Weightlifting Gold Medalist. Nutrients. 2019；11(9).
52.Zarate G, Gonzalez S, Chaia AP. Assessing survival of dairy propionibacteria in gastrointestinal conditions and adherence to intestinal epithelia. Methods Mol Biol. 2004；268：423-432.
53.Nomura T, Tsuchiya Y, Nashimoto A, et al. Probiotics reduce infectious complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Hepatogastroenterology. 2007；54(75)：661-663.
54.Mounzer R, Langmead CJ, Wu BU, et al. Comparison of existing clinical scoring systems to predict persistent organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology. 2012；142(7)：1476-1482； quiz e1415-1476.
55.Sun JK, Li WQ, Ke L, et al. Early enteral nutrition prevents intra-abdominal hypertension and reduces the severity of severe acute pancreatitis compared with delayed enteral nutrition： a prospective pilot study. World J Surg. 2013；37(9)：2053-2060.
