摘要：目的 在全国范围内调查了解医务人员肿瘤营养知识 - 态度 - 行为现状，为增强医务人员对营养治疗的重视程度，提高疾病的综合治疗水平，对其进行有效的肿瘤营养继续教育培训提供依据。 方法 采用多中心、前瞻性、观察性研究，于 2012 年 12 月 ~2013 年 5 月对全国 13 个省市、 138 家医院、 3036 名医护人员进行问卷调查，对所得结果进行统计学分析。 结果??总体医务人员的营养知识得分（K 分） 41.26±23.68，及格率 35.31 %，优秀率 12.48 %；营养态度得分（A 分）83.23±12.63，及格率 96.57 %，优秀率 69.37 %；营养行为得分（P 分） 73.03±15.06，及格率 85.64 %，优秀率 39.86 %。肿瘤营养知识与态度（r=0.136， P ＜ 0.05 ）、知识与行为（r=0.179， P ＜ 0.05 ）之间具有相关性。男性医务人员肿瘤营养知识得分和及格率高于女性医务人员（P ＜ 0.05），营养态度和行为得分男女之间无差别（P ＞ 0.05）；医生的营养知识、态度、行为得分、及格率和优秀率好于护士和医技人员（P ＜ 0.05）；高级职称医务人员肿瘤营养知识、行为得分高于低职称医务人员（P ＜ 0.05），营养态度不同职称间无差别（P ＞ 0.05）；高学历医务人员的知识、态度、行为得分和及格率、优秀率优于低学历医务人员（P ＜ 0.05）；手术专业医务人员营养知识、态度、行为得分和及格率、优秀率优于其他专业医务人员（P ＜ 0.05）；教学医院医务人员营养知识、态度、行为得分和及格率、优秀率优于非教学医院医务人员（P＜ 0.05）；综合性医院医务人员与肿瘤专科医院医务人员之间营养知识、态度得分和及格率、优秀率无差别（P ＞ 0.05），营养行为得分和及格率综合性医院优于肿瘤专科医院（P ＜ 0.05）。 58.41% 的医务人员学习有关营养知识的时间不足业务学习总时间的 10%， 52.71% 的医务人员非常希望能够参与临床营养方面的科研，医务人员前 3 位营养知识来源是工作中摸索积累（66.22%）、阅读专业书籍和期刊杂志（65.40%）、在校时学习（61.25%）。 结论??当前我国医务人员对肿瘤营养治疗有着积极的态度和较好的营养治疗行为，但营养知识的掌握程度亟需进一步提高，非常有必要加强对医务人员的营养教育培训。

Abstract: Objective Investigate and understand Chinese medical staff’s knowledge, attitude and practice (K-A-P) towards the nutritional oncology, to provide a basis for the training of the nutritional oncology, and the improvement on clinical treatment. Methods This is a multicenter, prospective and observational study for about 3036 medical staffs from 138 hospitals in the 13 provinces of China, to collect and summarize the K-A-P scores in questionnaires. Results The overall mean±SD for K scores was 41.26±23.68, the pass rate was 35.31%, and the good rate was 12.48%. The overall mean±SD for A scores was 82.23±12.63, the pass rate was 96.57% and the good rate was 69.37%. The overall mean±SD for P scores was 73.03±15.06, pass rate was 85.64% and the good rate was 39.86%. The correlation coefficient between the K scores and A scores was 0.136 with P value less than 0.05, the correlation coefficient between the K scores and P scores was 0.179 with P value less than, which means there are correlations between the K scores and A scores, the K scores and the P scores. The pass rate of K scores for the male medical staff was higher than the female (P>0.05), but there is no significant difference for the A scores and P scores in the gender of the medical staffs (P< 0.05). The K-A-P scores, pass rate and good rate for doctors were higher than those for the nurses and the medical technicians (P< 0.05). And the medical technicians in senior levels have a higher K scores and P scores than the junior levels (P<0.05). But there is no significant difference for the A scores among the title levels (P>0.05). The mean value, pass rate and good rate for K-A-P scores in medical staffs with higher degrees were superior than lower degrees (P<0.05). The surgeons have higher K-A-P score, pass rates and good rate than others (P<0.05). The medical staff in teaching hospitals showed a higher K-A-P scores, pass rate and good rate than others. There is no significant difference for K scores and P scores, and the pass rates, good rates between medical staffs in general hospitals and oncology hospitals (P>0.05), but there is a higher P scores and the pass rate in general hospitals (P<0.05). The study time on nutritional education is less than 10 percentages of the full time for 58.41 percentages of the medical staff. For about 52.71 percentages of medical staff want to work on the research project for nutritional. The nutritional knowledge of medical staff were majorly from working experience (66.22%), professional books and magazines (65.40%), and the experiences in school (61.25%). Conclusions The Chinese medical staff have a positive attitude and good strategies for nutritional treatments, but the nutritional knowledge should be improved accordingly, more training for the nutritional knowledge are needed.