恶性肿瘤是一种常见疾病，近几年，中国国民肿瘤的发生率和死亡率逐渐升高，成为阻碍国民经济发展的重 要障碍。中医药治疗作为肿瘤内科学治疗的重要组成部分，发挥了不可替代的治疗作用。中医药治疗旨在手术治疗、放化 疗和生物学治疗的基础上，针对于上述治疗出现的副作用起到增效减毒、协同治疗的作用，极大地改善了临床肿瘤患者的 预后和生活质量，成为当前肿瘤治疗中不可或缺的一部分。随着现代药物提炼技术和分子生物学技术的不断发展，来自于 天然植物的中药提取物，因其使用安全性及使用便捷性等优点，已成为一类重要的抗肿瘤药物及肿瘤辅助治疗药物，逐渐 被临床肿瘤学界所重视。大量研究证明，中药提取物不仅具有明显的抗肿瘤作用，而且能改善肿瘤免疫微环境，增强肿瘤 免疫监视，保护肠道黏膜屏障，调节肿瘤营养代谢和促进肿瘤细胞凋亡等作用。因此，本文将从中药提取物与免疫器官、 炎症细胞因子、细胞防御功能、抗氧化作用及直接抗肿瘤作用五大方面深度解析中药提取物在肿瘤免疫营养治疗中的具体 作用机制。

Malignant tumor has become a common disease. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of tumors have gradually increased in China, which has become an important obstacle to the development of national economy. Traditional Chinese medicine as an important part of tumor internal medicine treatments has played an irreplaceable role. Traditional Chinese medicine can reduce side effect, increase curative effect and greatly improve the patients' prognosis and the quality of life after treating with surgical treatment, radiochemotherapy and biotherapy, which has become the necessary part of tumor therapy. With the development of modern drug extraction technology and molecular biology technology, Chinese herbal extract comes from natural plants has gradually been paid great attention in clinical because of their advantages of efficacy safety and convenience to use, which has become a kind of important antitumor drugs and tumor adjuvant therapy. A large number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese herbal extract not only has obvious anti-tumor effect, but also can improve the tumor immune microenvironment, enhance tumor immune surveillance, protect intestinal mucosal barrier, regulate tumor nutrition metabolism and promote tumor cell apoptosis, and so on. Therefore, in this article we will analyze the concrete mechanism of the treatment action of Chinese medicine extract in tumor immune from the relationship between traditional Chinese herbal extract and immune organs, inflammatory cytokines, cell defense function, antioxidant and direct anti-tumor effect.