目的  检测miR-106a 在子宫内膜癌、不典型增生及正常子宫内膜组织中的表达，探讨它们与子宫内膜癌发生、 发展、侵袭和转移的关系。方法  收集40例子宫内膜癌患者、20例子宫内膜不典型增生患者及30例子宫内膜正常的患者（包 括异常子宫出血及子宫肌瘤患者）的组织标本，应用poly（A）-RT-qPCR 技术，检测miR-106a 在三种不同子宫内膜组织 中的表达，并分别将检测结果和子宫内膜癌患者的临床及病理资料进行统计学分析。结果  miR-106a 在子宫内膜癌、不典 型增生及正常子宫内膜组织中的相对表达量分别为0.667（0.197，1.624），0.245（0.064，0.759）和 0.104（0.003，1.350）， 表达量逐渐下降，3组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），子宫内膜癌组织中miR-106a的表达显著高于正常子宫内膜组织（P ＜ 0.01），同时高于不典型增生组织（P ＜ 0.05），而不典型增生与正常子宫内膜组织相比较，其差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）；miR-106a在Ⅲ+Ⅳ期子宫内膜癌患者中的表达量高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期；有淋巴结转移的患者中的表达量高于无转移者， 差异均有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；不同年龄、病理类型、病理分级、肌层浸润深度及ER、PR 是否阳性子宫内膜癌患者 中其表达量的差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。结论  miR-106a 在子宫内膜癌组织中高表达，可能作为癌基因调控子宫内 膜癌的发生及发展。

Objective To detect the expression of miR-106a in endometrial carcinoma, atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium tissues. And to investigate the relationship between the expression of miR-106a and the origination, development, invasion and metastasis of endometrial carcinoma. Methods The endometrium tissue samples from forty patients with endometrial carcinoma, twenty patients with atypical hyperplasia and thirty patients with normal endometrium (from female with abnormal uterine bleeding and myoma uteri) were collected, poly (A)-RT-qPCR was employed to test the expression of miR-106a in different endometrial tissues. The statistical analyses were performed between the expression of miR-106a, miR-10a and the clinicopathological characteristics of endometrial carcinoma. Results The relative expression of miR-106a in endometrial carcinoma, atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium tissues were 0.667 (0.197, 1.624), 0.245 (0.064, 0.759) and 0.104 (0.003, 1.350) respectively, the expression gradually declined, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The expression of miR106a in endometrial carcinoma tissues was higher than that in normal endometrium tissues (P<0.01), and atypical hyperplasia tissues (P<0.05), but the difference between normal endometrium and atypical hyperplasia tissues was no statistical significance (P>0.05); The expression of miR-106a in stage III+IV of endometrial carcinoma patients was higher than stage I+II, in patients with lymph node metastasis were higher than that without lymph node metastasis, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01); The expression of miR-106a in different ages pathological types, pathological grades, myometrial invasion and whether ER-positive, PR-positive of endometrial carcinoma patients had no statistical difference (P>0.05). Conclusions The expression of miR-106a was up-regulated in endometrial carcinoma tissues, it may regulate the origination and development of endometrial carcinoma as an oncogene.