恶液质是一种以浪费型代谢为主的状态，多发生于肿瘤及其他重大慢性病，严重降低患者的生存率和生存质量。 虽然恶液质的研究一直在进展，但是到目前为止，其机制尚未阐明，尚且没有有效的手段可以彻底治愈恶液质。“四全照顾” 不仅是对患者身、心、灵的照顾，也是对患者从发病到去世的全程照顾；不仅包括对患者的照顾，还包括对其家属的关怀； 不仅由医生、护士进行疗护，心理师、营养师等人员也参与组成专业的照顾团队。恶液质具有不可逆的终末性质，为了提 高恶液质患者的生存质量，“四全照顾”需要被运用到恶液质的治疗中。“四全照顾”不仅能有效舒缓患者和家属的身心 痛苦和精神压力，而且具有深远的社会意义，有利于社会和谐、稳定。但是与此同时，“四全照顾”在我国的发展程度有限， 发展水平在世界上处于落后地位，一些现实问题如生命自主权的选择、有限的社会认可和政策支持，需要我们积极地去面 对和解决。本文就“四全照顾”在恶液质治疗中的作用做一综述，为“四全照顾”运用于恶液质治疗在我国的发展和推广 提供理论依据.

Cachexia is a state of wasting metabolism, which mainly occurs in cancers and other major chronic diseases and could seriously reduce the survival rate and the quality of life. Though it gained many researches on cachexia recent years, to date, the mechanism has not yet been elucidated and there is no effective means to cure cachexia. "Holistic care" not only care for body, mind and spirit, but also for the whole course from begin of disease to death; not only take care of patients, but also includes family members; not only treat patients by doctors, nurses, but also psychologists, nutritionists and other careermen participate in the professional care team. The terminal character of cachexia is irreversible, thus “holistic care” needs to be applied to the treatment in order to improve the quality of life of cachexia patients. "Holistic care" can effectively relieve the physical pain and mental pressure from patients and family members. Moreover, it also has far-reaching social significance and is conducive to social harmony and stability. But, at the same time, the development degree of “holistic care” in China is limited and in the backward position in the world. Therefore, some problems such as the choice of life to self-decision, the limited social acceptance and policy support need we face and solve actively. Our paper reviews the role of “holistic care” in treating cachexia and provides theoretical basis of the development and application of “holistic care” in China.