鼻咽癌是一种发生于鼻咽部黏膜上皮的恶性肿瘤。约 80% 的 NPC 发生在中国，严重危害人们的健康和生命安全，是中国重点防治的恶性肿瘤之一。由于疾病本身及抗肿瘤治疗的影响，营养不良成为 NPC 患者常见的临床并发症，其中接受放疗的 NPC 患者是营养不良发生率最高的群体之一，营养不良严重影响 NPC 患者的预后。合理的营养治疗对于 NPC 患者的生活质量和预后有积极的影响。根据患者病情选择最佳时机采取合适的营养治疗对保证患者放化疗的顺利进行起关键性的作用，并影响患者的康复和预后。应强调的是，无论采用何种营养治疗方式（肠内或肠外营养），均应该先评估患者的营养状况及能量需要，制定适合于患者的营养方案，并根据体重及相关指标变化及时调整，以提高患者对放化疗的耐受能力，减轻不良反应，提高生活质量。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in nasopharyngeal mucosa epithelium. About 80% of NPCs occur in China, which seriously endanger people's health and life safety and NPCs are one of the malignant tumors that China focuses on prevention and treatment. Malnutrition has become a common clinical complication in NPC patients due to the disease itself and anti-tumor therapy. Among them, NPC patients receiving radiotherapy are one of the groups with the highest incidence of malnutrition. Malnutrition seriously affects the prognosis of NPC patients. Reasonable nutritional therapy has a positive impact on the quality of life and prognosis of patients with NPC. According to the patient's condition, choosing the best time and taking appropriate nutritional therapy play a key role to ensure the success of patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and thus affect the patient's recovery and prognosis. It should be emphasized that no matter what nutritional treatment (enteral or parenteral nutrition) the patients should be evaluated first. The patient's nutritional status and energy needs should be formulated and adjusted according to the changes in weight and related indicators in order to improve patients' tolerance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, to reduce adverse reactions, and to improve quality of life.