目的 调查胸部肿瘤住院患者营养知信行现状，分析其影响因素，为胸部肿瘤患者营养教育和营养干预提供临床 依据。方法 采用横断面调查的方法，运用肿瘤患者营养知信行量表对胸部肿瘤住院患者进行问卷调查。结果 294 例被调 查患者中男性 197 例，女性 97 例；肺癌 226 例，食管癌 48 例，其他 20 例。患者营养知识及格率 46.3%。患者饮食结构方 面知识正确率不足 1/3；对钙、蛋白质、维生素的补充来源方面知识正确率在 43.2%~77.6%，对食物中铁的来源知识正确率 仅 26.5%；2/3 以上的患者能正确回答对胃和肠道有保护作用的食物；对高脂饮食、霉变食物、腌制食品、烫的食物、烧烤 类食物与疾病的关系正确率在 39.1%~78.6%。营养态度积极的占 94%。超过 80% 的患者表示会寻求一些关于疾病和健康的 营养知识，但患者营养知识的获取途径来自医务人员仅 39.1%。营养行为健康的占 53%。62.6% 的患者时常进食腌制和油 炸食品；仅有 39.1% 的患者定期测量体重。营养知信行状况受患者的性别、文化程度、居住地和慢性病史的影响。女性患 者的营养态度比男性好；初中及以下文化程度与高中或中专及以上文化程度差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。农村患者的 营养知信行水平低于城市患者；有慢性病史的患者营养行为较好。结论 肿瘤患者营养知识掌握不甚理想，营养态度积极， 行为较差。对肿瘤患者进行营养管理，应充分考虑患者的性别、文化程度、居住地、慢性病史等因素，有针对性地进行营 养知识教育，提供个体化和精细化的营养教育和营养干预，改善患者营养行为，提高患者营养知信行水平。

Objective To investigate the status of nutritional knowledge attitude practice in hospitalized patients with thoracic tumor and analyze the impacting factors, so as to provide a clinical basis for nutritional education and nutritional intervention in patients with thoracic tumors. Methods A cross-sectional survey conducted to investigate the hospitalized patients with thoracic tumor by using a self-designed questionnaire. Results Among the 294 cases, 197 were males, 97 were females, 226 were lung cancer, 48 were esophagus cancer, and 20 were other cases. The passrate of the patients' nutritional knowledge was 46.3%. Less than 1 in 3 patients knew correct diet structure. The accuracy of knowledge of calcium, protein and vitamin was 43.2%~77.6%. The accuracy of knowledge of iron was only 26.5%. More than 2/3 patients knew food that can protect stoach and intestine. For food like high fat diet, moldy food, pickled food, hot food, barbecue, 39.1%~78.6% of patients knew the relationship between the food and disease. 94% of the patients kept a positive attitude for nutrition. More than 80% of the patients said they would seek nutritional knowledge about disease and health, but only 39.1% received nutritional knowledge from medical staff. 53% of the patients had a healthy nutritional behavior. 62.6% of the patients eat pickled and fried foods and only 39.1% of the patients measured their weight regularly. The nutritional KAP was affected by sex, educational level, residence and chronic disease of the patients. The nutritional attitude of female was better than that of male. The KAP of junior high school and below was significantly different from that of high school or secondary school and above (P<0.05). The KAP in rural patients was lower than that of urban patients. Patients with chronic disease had better nutritional behavior. Conclusions The nutritional KAP of the cancer patients was not ideal. The nutritional attitude was positive but the behavior is poor. To manage the nutritional status of hospitalized patients with thoracic tumor, gender, educational level, residence, chronic diseases are needed to be fully considered. To improve nutritional KAP of patients, targeted nutrition education, individualized and meticulous nutritional education are needed to be intervened.