线粒体是真核细胞进行氧化磷酸化产生 ATP 的细胞器，它与细胞的能量代谢、细胞凋亡、氧化应激、钙稳态 调控等密切相关。线粒体拥有独立于核基因外的遗传物质 mtDNA，mtDNA 是细胞核外唯一的遗传物质，由于其自身独特 的结构特点和生物学环境，极易发生突变，突变率约为核基因组的 10 倍，大量研究表明，mtDNA 与人类肿瘤的发生、 发展密切相关。宫颈癌是危害人类健康的最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤，在世界女性恶性肿瘤性疾病中发病率仅次于乳腺癌而 位居第二。随着经济社会的发展，人类的疾病谱有了较大的改变。但是宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率一直高居不下。核内基 因组与宫颈癌的相关性研究较多，但在核外基因组研究很少。近年来，mtDNA 与宫颈癌的相关性研究已成为研究热点。 mtDNA 的突变包括碱基替换、插入或缺失等的质的突变及 mtDNA 含量的变化等，前人的诸多研究包含 mtDNA 突变对宫 颈癌各个方面不同程度的影响。本文将从 mtDNA 突变类型及其与宫颈癌的发生、发展、预后等之间关系的研究作一概述。

Mitochondria are the organelles of the eukaryotic cells that oxidize phosphorylation to produce ATP and are closely related to cell energy metabolism, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis control and so on. Mitochondria have mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA), a genetic material independent of nuclear genes. mtDNA is the only genetic material outside nuclear,because of its unique structural characteristics and biological environment, which is prone to mutation with about 10 times the rate to nuclear genome. A large number of research show that mtDNA is highly related to the occurrence and development of human tumor. Cervical cancer(CC) is the most common gynecologic malignant tumor that endangers human health. Its incidence is the second of female malignant tumor in the world, second only to breast cancer.With the development of the economy and society, the spectrum of human disease has changed greatly. But the incidence and mortality of CC remain high. There are many studies on the correlation between the genome nucleus and cervical carcinoma, but the research on genome outside the nuclear are rare.In recent years, study on relationship between mtDNA and CC has become a hot research topic. Mutations in mtDNA include qualitative mutations, such as base substitution, insertion or deletion, and changes in the content of mtDNA, etc. Many previous studies include the effect of mtDNA mutation on different aspect of CC. This paper reviews the relevance between the mutation of mtDNA and occurrence,development, prognosis of CC.