目的  通过对 6 家三甲医院老年肿瘤患者临床资料进行分析，了解营养风险、营养不良及营养治疗应用情况。方 法  对2012 年3月~2012 年5月，6 家三甲医院住院的老年肿瘤患者资料进行分析。在患者入院后 24 小时内应用营养风险 筛查工具 NRS 2002 进行营养风险筛查，调查营养风险和营养不良发生率以及住院期间营养治疗应用状况。结果  共纳入老 年肿瘤患者 1,472 例，营养风险发生率 62.8%，营养不良发生率 25.3%。将肿瘤患者分为非手术患者及手术患者两个群体 分别研究。其中非手术患者906 例，营养风险发生率61.9%；手术患者566 例，营养风险发生率64.1%。两组患者营养 不良的发生率有显著差异（27.7%vs18.9%，P=0.004）。营养风险发生率、营养风险≥5 分及营养不良的发生率均随年 龄增长而升高。按病种分层，消化道肿瘤的手术患者营养风险发生率最高，其中胃癌手术组最高（77.7%）；营养不良 的发生率均在25% 以上，其中胰腺癌非手术组最高（37.5%）。有营养风险给予营养治疗的患者458 例（52.4%），其 中肠外营养325 例（71.0%），肠内营养23 例（5.0%），肠外与肠内营养联合应用110 例（24.0%）。无营养风险给予 营养治疗患者186 例（36.1%），其中肠外营养131 例（70.5%），肠内营养9 例（4.84%），肠外肠内营养联合应用46 例（24.7%），139例为手术患者（74.7%）。结论  老年肿瘤患者营养风险及营养不良发生率较高。应用肠外营养比例高， 营养治疗指征尚不规范。  

Objective  To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk, undernutrition and nutritional therapy among elderly cancer inpatients in 6 tertiary hospitals in China. Methods  Data of elderly cancer patients were analyzed and collected between March 2012 and May 2012 from 6 tertiary hospitals in China. Nutritional risk screening was conducted within 24 hours after admission using the nutrition risk screening tool NRS 2002 to investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and malnutrition as well as the application status of nutritional therapy during hospitalization. Results  Totally 1,472 consecutive cases were recruited. The total nutritional risk prevalence is 62.8% and undernutrition is 25.3%. Two subgroups were separated according to whether receiving surgery. 906 cases were included in the non-surgical group and the prevalence of nutritional risk is 61.9%; 566 cases were included in the surgical group and the prevalence of nutritional risk is 64.1%. There is statistical significance between the two groups in the prevalence of undernutrition (27.7%vs18.9%, P=0.004). The prevalence of nutritional risk, nutritional risk score≥5 and undernutrition became higher with older age. The highest prevalence of nutritional risk is in the surgical group of alimentary tumour. Surgical group of gastric caner possessed the highest nutritional risk (77.7%). Morbidity of malnutrition of all patients was more than 25%, while non-surgical group of pancreatic cancer possessed the highest undernutrition mobidity (37.5%). 458 patients with nutritional risk were administrated nutrition support (52.4%) with PN 325 cases (71.0%), EN 9 cases (4.84%), PN plus EN 110 cases (24.0%); 186 patients without nutritional risk (36.1%) were administrated nutritional support with PN 131 cases (70.5%), EN+PN 46 cases (24.7%) and 139 cases were in surgical group (74.7%). Conclusions  The prevalence of nutritional risk and undernutrition of elderly cancer patients are high. The application of parenteral nutrition is high and the indications of nutritional therapy are not standardized.