目的探索营养治疗对不可切除局部晚期食管鳞癌放化疗患者临床疗效和免疫应答的影响。方法回顾性纳入 2018年5月至2019年5月就诊于南通大学附属如皋医院的100例局部晚期食管鳞癌患者，接受5‐氟尿嘧啶和顺铂为基础化疗和 同步放疗，患者分为常规治疗组（53例）和营养治疗组（47例），通过记录其一般临床信息、营养指标、免疫状态和治疗反应，分 析营养治疗与患者治疗反应和免疫状态的相关性。结果营养治疗组在中性粒细胞减少的发生率、客观反应率、血清白蛋白的 变化和住院时间等方面均明显优于常规治疗组。此外，营养治疗组的免疫球蛋白G和白介素‐2水平明显高于常规治疗组，自 然杀伤细胞、CD3+和CD4+T细胞比例更高，CD4+/CD8+T细胞比例更高（P<0.05）。营养治疗组患者白介素‐6水平明显降低。结 论营养治疗可改善局部晚期食管鳞癌患者治疗依从性、减少放化疗不良反应和住院时间、增强免疫反应。

Objective To explore the effect of nutritional therapy on the clinical efficacy and immune response of patients with unresectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Methods A total of 100 patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from May 2018 to may 2019 in Rugao Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University were enrolled. They were treated with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin based chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy. They were divided into conventional treatment group (53 cases) and nutritional treatment group (47 cases), Objective to analyze the correlation between nutritional therapy and treatment response and immune status of patients. Results Nutritional therapy group in the incidence of neutropenia, objective response rate, the change of serum albumin and length of hospital stay were significantly better than routine nursing group. In addition, IgG and IL ⁃2 levels from the nutrition therapy group were obviously higher than those of routine nursing group, natural killer, higher percentage of CD3+and CD4+T cells, CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio were higher (P<0.05). Nutrition therapy group patients significantly lowered level of IL⁃6. Conclusion Nutrition care plan can improve treatment compliance, reduce the radiation and chemotherapy in patients with LAOSCC toxicity and length of hospital stay, enhance the immune response.