癌性肠梗阻常发生于晚期腹盆腔恶性肿瘤，可引起剧烈的腹痛、恶心、呕吐、进食困难等症状，严重影响患者的生活 质量，其处理方式一直以来都是临床医师感到棘手的问题。外科治疗作为其主要治疗方式之一，主要包括肠道内支架置入和 手术治疗等方式，其主要目的为缓解患者梗阻症状，改善生活质量。其中，肠道内支架置入具有操作简单、创伤小等特点，同时 也可为部分患者后续行手术治疗提供了一个过渡时期，但有增加穿孔等并发症、缩短生存期或增加肿瘤复发等风险。而手术 治疗则主要包括姑息切除术、根治性切除术、肠造口术、短路手术等，术后患者维持肠道通畅的时间、生存时间等可能优于肠道 内支架的应用，但术后存在吻合口瘘、切口感染等并发症风险。由于肠道内支架置入和手术治疗两者各有优劣，关于癌性肠梗 阻的外科处理是选择肠道内支架置入还是手术治疗，目前仍然存在一定争议。本文主要就肠道内支架置入和手术治疗在癌性 肠梗阻中的应用、处理方式的选择、相关风险及其他治疗方式展开综述。

Cancer⁃associated bowel obstruction which often occurs in advanced abdominal and pelvic malignancies causes severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, difficulty eating and other symptoms. It can seriously affect the patient′s quality of life and has been a tricky problem for clinicians.Surgical treatment that is one of the important methods mainly includes bowel stent placement and operation, and its primary purpose is to relieve the obstructive symptoms of patients and improve the quality of life. Among them, bowel stent placement has some characteristics of simple operation and less trauma, and can also provide a transitional period for some patients to undergo subsequent operation, but it may increase complications, such as perforation, survival time shortening or tumor recurrence increasing. Operation mainly includes palliative resection, radical resection, enterostomy, short⁃circuit operation. The postoperative time of intestinal patency and survival time of patients may be better than the application of intestinal stent, but it has some risks, such as postoperative anastomotic fistula and incision infection. There are still some controversies about the surgical treatment of cancer⁃associated bowel obstruction to choose bowel stent placement or operation, because of the advantages and disadvantages to the both methods. This article mainly review the application,the methods of treatment, the related risks of bowel stent placement and operation, and other therapies in cancer⁃associated bowel obstruction.