目的 探讨肠内营养对直肠癌同步放化疗患者体重、营养状况、不良反应和焦虑程度、睡眠质量以及医患关系满意度 的影响。方法 将2019年3月至2020年3月在成都市第七人民医院入选直肠癌同步放化疗的患者分为研究组（放化疗联合肠内 营养组）及对照组（放化疗组)各42例患者。主要研究终点为放化疗后体重变化、营养相关血液学指标变化；次要研究终点包括 不良反应、患者焦虑程度、睡眠质量、医患关系满意度组间比较，采用χ2及t检验。结果 研究组放化疗后体重丢失明显低于对 照组（P<0.05)，研究组血红蛋白、淋巴细胞总数、血清白蛋白、血清前白蛋白的降低低于对照组（P<0.05), 研究组≥Ⅲ°骨髓抑制 发生率、焦虑程度明显低于对照组，睡眠质量及医患关系满意度均高于对照组（P<0.05），≥Ⅱ°放射性直肠炎发生率差异无统计 学意义（P>0.05）。结论 肠内营养有利于保持直肠癌患者同步放化疗后体重，并改善营养状况，降低骨髓抑制发生率，同时提 高患者睡眠质量及医患关系满意度，并降低患者焦虑程度。

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition on weight, nutritional status, adverse reactions, anxiety, sleep quality and doctor⁃patient satisfaction in patients with rectal cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods Patients with rectal cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy were randomly divided into study group (chemoradiotherapy combined with enteral nutrition group) and control group (chemoradiotherapy group). Secondary study endpoints included comparison of adverse reactions and treatment completion rates, comparison of patients′ anxiety level, sleep quality, and doctor⁃patient relationship satisfaction, using 2 and t tests. Results From March 2019 to March 2020, 42 patients were included from Chengdu Seventh People′s Hospital in the study group and the control group.The weight loss of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). The decrease of hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, serum albumin and serum prealbumin in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).The incidence of ≥Ⅲ° bone marrow suppression and anxiety in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the quality of sleep and satisfaction of doctor⁃patient relationship in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of ≥Ⅱ° radioactive proctitis (P>0.05). Conclusion Enteral nutrition can help maintain the weight of patients with rectal cancer after concurrent chemorradiotherapy and chemotherapy, improve the nutritional status, reduce the incidence of bone marrow suppression, improve patients′ sleep quality and doctor⁃patient relationship satisfaction, and reduce patients′ anxiety, which is worthy of clinical promotion.