高尿酸血症是指血尿酸水平明显高于正常值的一种代谢性疾病，主要由嘌呤代谢紊乱诱发，且发病率越来越高。血尿酸 水平过高易引起痛风性关节炎，还容易影响肾脏和心血管等系统健康。肌骨超声（MSKUS）是近年来新兴的一种新超声检查技术，指 运用常规的超声诊断设备，通过专用高频超声探头对人体的肌肉、韧带、肌腱、软组织及骨骼病变等进行确诊的超声检查手段，在肌肉 骨骼系统疾病中得到越来越广泛的应用。MSKUS在痛风性关节炎高尿酸血症（HUA）的诊断观察中比其他检查方式能更有效地检测 出容易漏检的关节内双轨征、聚集体、痛风石和骨侵蚀等特征，同时对诊断痛风性关节炎具有一定的价值，因此运用MSKUS能全面地 评估HUA患者的病情。无症状HUA患者的超声特征性改变均发生MPT1处，因此，MSKUS在无症状HUA患者筛查重点部位MPT1， 可以更及时发现治疗和更好地预防痛风症的发生发展。MSKUS在痛风患者治疗随访中可观察到缓解关节内双轨征的消失，能更好 地评估其疗效。MSKUS具有敏感度高、可重复操作、使用简单等优点，在HUA、痛风患者诊断以及治疗中存在较高的应用价值。

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a disorder of purine metabolism, with an increasing incidence. Long⁃term HUA can easily induce gout, and it can easily affect the kidneys and cardiovascular system. Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) refers to the use of conventional ultrasound diagnostic equipment and special high⁃frequency ultrasound probes to confirm the diagnosis of human muscles, soft tissues and skeletal diseases. MSKUS in the diagnosis and observation of gouty arthritis HUA MSKUS can more effectively detect the intra⁃articular double⁃track sign, aggregates, tophi and bone erosion that are easy to ignore, compared with other inspection methods, and has a certain degree in the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. Therefore, the use of MSKUS can comprehensively evaluate the condition of HUA patients with gout. Besides, the characteristic changes of ultrasound in asymptomatic HUA patients all occur at MPT1. Therefore, MSKUS can screen the key parts of MPT1 in asymptomatic HUA patients, which can detect and treat more promptly and better prevent the occurrence and development of gout. MSKUS can be used to relieve the disappearance of the dual⁃track sign in the joint during the follow⁃up treatment of gout patients, which can better evaluate its efficacy. MSKUS has many advantages such as high sensitivity, repeatable operation, simple use, etc. Therefore, it has high application value in the diagnosis and treatment of HUA and gout patients.