三阴性乳腺癌是一类缺乏雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体 2(HER2)表达的乳腺癌亚型,其临床特 征为恶化程度高、易复发、转移率高和生存率低。 此类乳腺癌占所有乳腺癌病例数的 15% ~ 20%,治疗缺乏有效靶点。 代谢异 常是肿瘤疾病的重要特征之一,因此,从代谢途径分析三阴性乳腺癌的特点是个体化营养治疗的新方向。 三阴性乳腺癌细胞 中的营养物质代谢,尤其是氨基酸代谢,不同于正常细胞,且与其他亚型的乳腺癌细胞也不尽相同。 本文综述了三阴性乳腺 癌细胞中氨基酸代谢特点及相关调控机制,发现谷氨酰胺/ 谷氨酸、胱氨酸/ 半胱氨酸、甲硫氨酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸、色氨酸水平 与正常细胞或其他类型肿瘤细胞相比有所差异,氨基酸之间的转化和转运也处于异常调控状态。 基于此特点,通过对目标氨 基酸的限制来调控相应代谢途径,可能会对三阴性乳腺癌的治疗产生良好的效果。 目前,营养剥夺已成为肿瘤细胞的辅助治 疗策略,疾病代谢特征的深入研究对于找到营养治疗的靶点有着重要的意义。

Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer that lacks the expression of estrogen receptor progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Its clinical characteristics are high degree of deterioration easy recurrence high metastasis rate and low survival rate. This kind of breast cancer accounts for 15% - 20% of all breast cancer cases and the treatment lacks effective targets. Metabolic abnormality is one of the important characteristics of tumor diseases. Therefore analyzing the characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer from metabolic pathway is a new direction of personalized nutritional therapy. Recent studies have found that the metabolism of nutrients especially amino acids in triple-negative breast cancer cells is different from normal cells and is also different from other subtypes of breast cancer cells. This paper reviews the characteristics of amino acid metabolism and related regulatory mechanisms in triple-negative breast cancer cells. It is found that the levels of glutamate / glutamine cystine / cysteine methionine glycine serine and tryptophan are different from normal cells or other types of tumor cells and the transformation and transport of amino acids are also in an abnormal regulatory state. Based on this characteristic regulating the corresponding metabolic pathway by limiting the target amino acids may have a good effect on the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. At present nutrition deprivation has become an adjuvant treatment strategy for cancer cells. The in - depth study of the metabolic characteristics of the disease is of great significance for finding the target of nutrition therapy.