肠外营养在临床营养支持治疗中具有不可替代性,也是长期无法经口进食或经口进食不足患者的主要营养治疗途 径。 对于慢性消耗性疾病包括肿瘤患者,尤其是短肠综合征患者来说,家庭肠外营养方案的推进大大增加了患者的生存机 会。 经过 40 余年的发展,临床医师选择患者肠外营养途径时,除考虑减少并发症以及提高营养摄入率之外,还需考虑患者的 生存质量。 输液港(PORT)是一种完全置入人体并留置于皮下的闭合式静脉输液装置,具有感染风险低、生活便利性高、维护 简单、使用期限长等技术优点,因其能最大程度减轻药物对患者血管的刺激,目前常被用于需要长期输液治疗并多次住院的 患者。 临床实践已证明,患者放置输液港只需要在手术室进行一个 15~ 20 min 的小操作,一个输液港平均可以反复使用达 10 余年,维护成本也低至 6000~ 8000 元。 本文根据输液港的适应人群、适应证及置入方式和途径等,对输液港在临床工作中的 使用提出指导性意见,探寻输液港在成年患者长期肠外营养使用过程中的可能性。

Parenteral nutrition PN is irreplaceable in clinical nutrition support treatment and it is also the main way of nutritional support for patients who cannot orally eat for a long time. For patients with chronic wasting diseases especially those with short bowel syndrome the advancement of home PN has greatly increased the chances of survival. After more than 40 years of development clinicians should consider the patient's quality of life in addition to reducing complications and improving nutritional intake when choosing the path of PN. Implantable venous access port PORT is a closed intravenous infusion device that is completely implanted in the human body and placed under the skin. It has the advantages of low risk of infection high convenience in life simple maintenance and long service life. It is currently often used for patients who require long - term infusion therapy and multiple hospitalizations because it can minimize the irritation of drugs to patients' blood vessels. It has been proved that patients only need to receive a small operation of 15-20 minutes to implant the PORT with low maintenance cost of 6000-8000 yuan. And a PORT can be used repeatedly for more than 10 years on average. Based on the suitable population indications implantation methods and routes of the infusion port this article proposes guiding opinions on the use of the infusion port in clinical work and explores the possibility of the infusion port in the long-term parenteral nutrition use of adult patients.