人体成分是指身体内各成分(肌肉、脂肪组织、骨骼肌组织等)的比例含量,是衡量人体内组织分布情况的标志,其 各组分对机体健康和疾病产生不同的影响。 40% ~ 80%的肿瘤患者容易合并营养不良,甚至进展为恶液质,营养不良的发生 严重影响肿瘤患者的生存和预后,降低其放化疗的耐受性和敏感性。 相关人体成分指标在肿瘤发生、发展、诊断和治疗期间, 随患者营养状态的变化、疾病恶性程度、疾病进展速度、治疗方案的调整而经常发生改变,故人体成分作为一项重要的监测指 标,与肿瘤患者的生存预后分析和药物毒性评估相关。 良好的人体成分分析是了解肿瘤患者营养状况、早期预测其生存质量 的重要手段,有助于根据患者现有状态制定个体化的诊疗方案。 随着无创性人体成分测量方法的广泛应用,人体成分分析在 肿瘤患者营养状态的诊断和评价,抗肿瘤药物疗效和毒性的预测以及生存和预后方面具有独特的优势。 现阶段诸多与肿瘤 患者人体成分相关的临床试验已经得到开展,本文拟对人体成分分析在肿瘤患者中的临床应用展开综述。

Body composition refers to the proportion of various body components muscle adipose tissue skeletal muscle tissue etc. which is a symbol to measure the distribution of tissues in the body one of which can make a great difference on body health or disease. 40%-80% of tumor patients are prone to be complicated with malnutrition and even progress to cachexia. The occurrence of malnutrition seriously affects the survival and prognosis of tumor patients and reduces their tolerance and sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. During the occurrence development and treatment of tumors the relevant body composition indexes often vary with the changes of patients' nutritional status the degree of malignancy of the disease the rate of progression and the adjustment of therapy. Therefore human composition as an important monitoring index is related to the survival prognosis analysis and drug toxicity evaluation of patients. Well body composition analysis is an important way to assess the nutritional status of tumor patients and predict their quality of life early which is helpful to make individualized treatment according to the current status of patients. With the widespread use of noninvasive body composition measurements body composition analysis has unique advantages in diagnosis and evaluation of nutritional status of cancer patients prediction of efficacy and toxicity of anti - tumor drugs as well as survival and prognosis. A number of clinical trials related to body composition in cancer patients have been conducted in this article we provide an overview of the clinical application of body composition analysis in cancer patients.