全球恶性肿瘤发病人数和死亡人数仍呈逐年上升趋势,严重威胁人类健康与生命,造成巨大的疾病负担。 在人口 众多,且老龄化日益加重的中国,这种趋势尤其严重。 肿瘤的预防和治疗已纳入国家卫生健康政策纲要与国民营养计划。 肿 瘤的发生、发展是遗传因素和环境因素等共同作用的结果。 随着科学的发展,已确定了营养水平是影响肿瘤预防与治疗的重 要因素。 精准营养是摒弃“一刀切”的营养方式,根据生活方式、饮食环境暴露、遗传学、微生物学、代谢组学、生物标志物等将 人群分为不同的亚组,形成更科学合理的饮食建议方案或营养干预策略。 肿瘤的发生、发展常伴随着营养的失衡与代谢的紊 乱,因此本文围绕肿瘤与营养的关系,探讨肿瘤与营养代谢组学(包括一碳代谢及其叶酸调控的代谢)的研究进展与发展方 向,以期在未来建立更适合中国人群的肿瘤与精准营养全方位、全生命周期管理标准与指南,最终降低肿瘤的发生率和肿瘤 的疾病负担,提高肿瘤的治疗效果,改善肿瘤患者的生活质量,并提升健康水平。

The number of cancer cases and deaths in the world is still increasing year by year which seriously threatens human health and life resulting in a huge disease burden. The trend is particularly acute in China with a large aging population. The prevention and treatment of cancer have been included in the national health policy outline and the national nutrition plan. The occurrence and development of tumors are the result of the interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors. Emerging evidence has been proven that nutrition plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. The development direction of precision nutrition is to abandon the " one -size -fits -all" nutrition approach and divide the population into different subgroups according to lifestyle dietary and environmental exposure genetics microbiology metabolomic and biomarkers so as to form more scientific and reasonable dietary recommendations or nutritional intervention strategies. The occurrence and development of tumors are often accompanied by nutritional imbalance and metabolic disorder. Therefore this review focuses on the relationship between tumor and nutrition and discusses the research progress and development direction of tumor and nutrition metabolomic including one-carbon metabolism and folate-regulated metabolism . In the future we hope to establish comprehensive life-cycle management standards and guidelines for cancer and precision nutrition that are more suitable for the Chinese population and ultimately reduce the incidence and disease burden of cancer improve the health level and enhance the quality of life and treatment outcome of cancer patients.